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导学案展评

[db:作者]  1970-01-01 08:00:00  互联网

  7 参赛学校:湖南省岳阳县第八中学 初中语文导学案  编制:卢望军

课题  5、童趣  编写  卢望军  时间  第四周

学习目标:                                                                                                          

A. 掌握并积累重点词语,有感情朗读课文,翻译并背诵全文;                                                                                    

B. 感受文章的“物外之趣”,领会作者的思想感情;                                                                                        

C. 学着像沈复那样用童心观察事物,寻找自己生活中的“物外之趣”,做一个童心不泯的人。                                                                      

流程  教师导  学生学      听课锦囊

第一课时(完成目标A)            

情        板书“童年的趣事”,让学生说说自己童年的趣事,然后把“年、的、事”3个字擦去,仅留“童趣”二字,既引入课文,又让学生明白了文言文“语言简洁”的特点。          

境                                                                                          

导                                                                                          

入                                                                                          

自                  【学法点睛】                                                                                                                                   1. 初读课文:                                                                                                                                                                                                

主                  ◎文言文是古代的书面语,简洁、典雅。学好文言文关键在于培养语感:一是要熟读背诵;二是要用心领悟;三是不断积累文言词汇。                                                                              要求读准字音、注意停顿。(先在小组内读,然后各小组竞读)                                                                                                                                                                            

学                  ◎学习文言文的一般步骤:反复朗读,认清字词,点译课文,直译课文,理解作者思想感情,体会文章精妙。                                                                                         写下你认为应该重点注意的字音:                                                                                                                                                                                        

习                  【温馨提示】                                                                                                                                      。                                                                                                                                                                                                    

之                  ◎注意通假字解释的格式。                                                                                                                             2. 疏通字词:                                                                                                                                                                                                

整                                                                                                                                                           找出课文中表示“看”的词语:                                                                                                                                                                                          

体                                                                                                                                                           通假字:                                                                                                                                                                                                    

感                                                                                                                                                           词类活用:鞭数十                                                                                                                                                                                                

知                                                                                                                                                           一词多义:余忆童稚时,故时有物外之趣; 昂首观之,作青云白鹤观;定神细视,神游其中。                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                            识记课文下面的注释并完成语文书第21页第二大题。(当堂完成,当堂检测)                                                                                                                                                                      

                   【学法点睛】                                                                                                                                   3. 准确翻译:                                                                                                                                                                                                

                   ◎翻译“四字诀”:                                                                                                                                将下列句子用现代文准确翻译出来,特别注意加下划线的词(略)。                                                                                                                                                                          

                   留:人名地名保留不译;                                                                                                                              4. 翻译课文:                                                                                                                                                                                                

                   加:单音节加字组成词;                                                                                                                              在前面学习的基础上翻译全文,要求语言流畅、用词准确。                                                                                                                                                                              

                   删:赘余的词汇删去;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

                   换:找近义词。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          

                   【温馨提示】                                                                                                                                   5. 创意复述:                                                                                                                                                                                                

                   ◎用笔记下你自己或别人最有创意的改编之处。                                                                                                                     选择文中你最喜欢的趣事讲给大家听,要求语言生动,鼓励依据想象进行合乎情理的改编。                                                                                                                                                              

                   【教师寄语】                                                                                                                                   6. 厚积薄发:总结带“然”字的词语。                                                                                                                                                                                      

                   ◎此刻沉默,你将埋没!创意复述,当堂背诵,相信自己能行!                                                                                                             7. 挑战背诵:                                                                                                                                                                                                

  第二课时(完成目标B、C)    听课锦囊

合                  【学法点睛】                                                 8. 用情朗读:                                                      

作                  ◎表情朗读是一种略带表演性质的朗读,追求声情并茂、形神兼备的朗读效果。                   9. 讨论概括:                                                      

学                                                                         作者记叙了哪几件童年趣事?                                                

习                                                                         10. 感悟提升:                                                      

之                                                                         怎样才能成为一个有情趣的人?                                              

研                                                                                                                                      

讨                                                                                                                                      

赏                                                                                                                                      

析                                                                                                                                      

                   【温馨提示】                                                 11. 思维训练:质疑,释疑,辩论                                              

                   ◎提出一个问题比解决一个问题更重要。 ——爱因斯坦                              12. 作业巩固:                                                      

                   【教师寄语】                                                 当堂完成《作业精编》1—10小题。小组互批,将不能解决的问题提交老师。                            

                   ◎堂堂清,日日清,一身轻!                                                                                                      

                   【温馨提示】                                                 13. 请你欣赏:《闲情记趣》(内容略)。如果你的生活中也有这样的“闲情”,不妨也用笔“记趣”一下吧!            

                   ◎生活中不是缺少闲情逸致,而是缺少感悟的心灵和生花的妙笔!                                                                                      

  ■总评:

  这篇导学案从板块的整体结构设计上比较清晰明了,便于师生操作使用。比如主体板块包括题头设计、学习流程设计、具体导学设计、听课锦囊等方面;流程设计包括整体感知、合作研讨、拓展延伸、总结反思等,比较符合学生的认知规律。

  一定程度上突出了“导”与“学”,体现了导学案的最基本定位。在这份导学案里,“导”重在导学法、导学习情感,如“学法点睛”、“温馨提示”、“教师寄语”等;“学”突出了学的差异性和主体性,从学习方式、流程设计、问题设置等方面来看,都有所体现。比如“5.创意复述”、“6.厚积薄发”、“11.思维训练”等环节的问题设计都尊重了学生的个体差异,也体现了问题设计的主体性、个性化的特征。学的差异性和主体性都是学生个性化学习的具体体现。一份导学案供全体学生共同使用,如何能实现差异化学习,如何能应对不同层次学生的需要?这就要求在导学案的设计上,尽可能做到分层设计。具体包括分层设计学习目标、分层设计学习内容、分层设计问题、分层设计学习策略、分层设计达标测评等。限于篇幅在此不再具体分析。

  问题及建议:

  1. 案头的设计还不够规范全面,表头应该添加比如“课型”、“审核”、“学案编号”、“班级”、“姓名”等内容,便于存档和学习查阅。

  2. 导学案通常是“一课一案”,即每课时要有一个导学案。如果一个课题内容需要两个课时,那么通常就要设计两个导学案。该篇导学案为两课时合一,这样不妥。而且提到“第一课时(完成目标A)”、“第二课时(完成目标B、C)”。这种提法本身就存在很大的问题。每课时的学习目标都应该是体现并达成三维目标,而不是完成其中的“一维”或“两维”。

  3. 在某些具体环节的处理上需调整思路。比如“情境导入”的具体内容,呈现在学生使用的导学案里不妥,如果是教师使用的导学案又另当别论。导学案本身集“导、学、练、测、评”于一体,建议通过集智备课在导学案里精心设计适量的达标测评题,这种针对性的“配餐”才能保证学生的“营养”。

  8

  参赛学校:山东省潍坊市滨海经济开发区滨海二中 初中物理导学案

  编制:葛孚明

  【第一部分 课前预习学案】

  一、预习目标

  1. 知道摩擦现象中的滑动摩擦和滚动摩擦。

  2. 能够发现问题并合理猜想。

  二、预习课本,完成下列题目

  1. 二力平衡条件。

  2. 尽可能多地写出生活中有关摩擦的事例。

  3. 结合课本内容描述一下什么是摩擦力。

  4. 发现需要探究的问题。

  5. 合理猜想以上问题。

  【第二部分 课内探究学案】

  一、 探究目标

  1.通过探究,了解影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素;

  2.进一步理解实验过程中如何控制变量;

  3.会列举出增大有益摩擦和减小有害摩擦的方法。

  二、预习总结、展示问题以及对探究问题提出猜想

  三、进行实验探究

  1. 制订计划与设计实验。【注意问题】

  ①怎样改变木块的压力和粗糙程度?

  ②用什么工具测摩擦力?怎样测?

  ③用到什么科学方法?

  2. 【计划与设计】

  3. 【设计表格】收集数据

 实验次数  接触面情况  压力情况  摩擦力大小

1                    

2                    

3                    

4                    

5                    

6

  

  4. 【分析与论证】得出结论

  四、讨论交流增大和减小摩擦的方法

  增大摩擦力的方法:

  减小摩擦力的方法:

  五、回顾本节所学内容

  六、巩固检测:

  1. 塑料瓶盖的外缘常有一些竖条纹,这样做的目的是为了  ;机械手表戴久了,要给它上油是为了  。

  2. 关于摩擦力,下列叙述错误的是( )。(选项略)

  3. 一物体以0.1m/s的速度在水平桌面上做匀速直线运动,受到的摩擦力为10N,若物体的速度增加至0.5m/s后,仍在水平桌面上做匀速直线运动时,它受到的摩擦力大小为(不计空气阻力)( )

  A. 等于10N   B. 大于10N

  C. 小于10N   D. 条件不足无法判断

  4. 摩擦力与我们的生活息息相关,假如没有摩擦,下列现象不可能发生的是(  )

  A. 老师仍能在黑板上写字 B. 人无法走路

  C. 火柴头难以划燃   D. 自行车刹车失灵

  5. 观察自行车,看看自行车上哪些地方的设计是为了增大摩擦,哪些地方的设计是为了减小摩擦。自行车上有几处用到滚动轴承?

  【第三部分 课后延伸学案】

  1. 沿竖直杆向上爬时手要将杆握紧,这是用 的办法来增大摩擦;而拔河时脚要穿鞋底花纹大的鞋,这是通过增大接触面的   来增大摩擦。

  2. 用手握住重15N的酱油瓶子静止悬在空中,瓶口竖直向上,此时手的握力为30N,瓶子受到手竖直向上的摩擦力为   N;若使手的握力增加为35N,瓶子受到手的摩擦力大小为   N。

  3. 有一种高档办公用椅,为了移动方便,在椅子腿下面安装小轮子,安装这些小轮子的作用是( )。

  A. 增大椅子的稳度   B. 变滑动为滚动

  C. 使椅子坚固耐用   D. 起装饰作用

  4. 体重为500N的杂技演员在进行爬杆表演,当他匀速向上爬时,爬杆对手的摩擦力为   N, 方向    ;当他匀速下滑时,爬杆对手的摩擦力为   N,方向    。

  5. 科学作文:没有摩擦的世界

  ■总评:

  这篇导学案的典型意义在于,对于一个课题内容设计了3个类型的导学案,即:课前预习学案、课中探究学案、课后延伸学案。涵盖了课前、课中、课后的学习全过程,而且体现了问题由浅入深、由易到难的3个层次的梯度递进。

  值得肯定的是设计者注意到了预习案、探究案的学习(预习)目标设计。与之相比,一些教师在导学案的设计上,常常忽略课前预习目标的设计,只有课堂学习目标的设计。实际上只要有学习发生,不管是课前预习、正课学习还是课后复习,包括阅读课等,都要有明确的目标可循,否则学习效果一定是低效的。在这方面稍有遗憾的是课后延伸案缺少相对的目标设计。

  设计者注重了课题性质的内涵挖掘,探究性贯穿课前、课中、课后的三案设计,而且注重指导学生探究的方式方法,注重培养学生的实验探究能力、自我发现能力和猜想能力。这些对于激发学生的想象力、培养学生的问题意识和创新思维能力大有好处。

  在问题的设计上,三案前后逻辑性比较强,且大多问题选择贴近生活实践,使文本课程成为活生生的体验课程,学思结合,知行统一。

  存在的问题主要是导学案设计缺乏规范性,在学法指导方面略显粗糙。



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