根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Yu Fang's brother is a ________(success) engineer.2. I'll be able to finish the homework ________(easy) by noon-九年级英语
[db:作者] 2019-11-27 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Yu Fang's brother is a ________(success) engineer. 2. I'll be able to finish the homework ________(easy) by noon. 3. The little girl came to the city for the first time and got _______(lose). 4. Life seems so _______(fair) to someone sometimes. 5. Education is one of the most important parts of a country's ________(develop).
题型：填空题 难度：中档
答案
1. successful 2. easily 3. lost 4. unfair 5. development
二.容易混淆的名词 1.work/job ① work是不可数名词,有体力或脑力劳动的意思,又有作为职业概念的“工作”的意思。 ② job作为“工作”解,其实有两层含义:一个是“干活”的“活”或“零工”;一个作为职业的“事”,是可数名词。 job意思是a piece of work，指已做或要做、应做的具体的某种工作，实际含义是“职业”， 而work通常指抽象意义上的工作，是不可数名词，也可指“工作场所”。如: I’m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.
2. wish / hope ① wish之后可以跟含有动词不定式的复合宾语(wish sb. to do sth.),而hope不可以这样用。例如: I wish you to be happy.我希望你快乐。 ② hope和wish都可以跟从句。hope之后的从句的谓语动词用一般将来时或一般现在时,所表达的愿望可以实现; wish之后的从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气(以后学),表达的愿望无法实现。例如: I hope you like the flowers.我希望你喜欢这些花。 I wish I were a bird.我希望我是一只小鸟。(虚拟语气) ③hope和wish都可以跟动词不定式(hope/wish to do sth.)。wish比较正式,口气比较强烈; 而用hope所表达的愿望容易实现。例如: I hope (wish) to go to college.我希望上大学。 ④wish可接双宾语表示“祝愿、祝福”等,但hope却没有这种用法。例如: I wish you success.我祝愿你成功。
3.silly/stupid/foolish 三个词都含有“蠢”的意思,但略有不同。 stupid所表达的程度最强,指智力、理解力和学习能力差; silly指头脑简单、傻头傻脑,使人觉得可笑,带有一定的感情色彩; foolish是普通用语,尤其是在口语中广泛使用。如: He is stupid in learning math. 他学数学很笨。 Stop asking such silly questions. 别再问这样傻的问题了。 You are foolish to throw away such a good chance. 你真蠢,丢掉这么好的一个机会。<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
4.instead/instead of
instead/instead of
instead是副词,一般放在句首或句末。 而instead of 是介词短语,表示“代替”时, 含有“对比”的意思,其后常跟名词、代词或v-ing形式。如:
Jack didn’t study law. Instead, he decided to become an actor.
杰克没有学法律,而是决定作一名演员。
If you can’t go to the meeting, I can go instead.
如果你不去开会, 我可以(代替你)去。
Could I have tuna instead of ham?
我能否要金枪鱼而不是火腿？
Miss Wang is ill. I’ll teach you instead of her.
王老师病了,我代替她给你们上课。
We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.
我们走着下楼梯而没有乘电梯。
5.frightened/afraid/terrible
frightened/afraid/terrible
① frightened是由过去分词转化的形容词,常指突如其来的震惊,可用very修饰,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
The old man smiled before he replied to my question.
老人在回答我的问题前笑了笑。
I cannot answer you now. 我现在不能回答你。
How shall I answer? 我该怎样回答?
值得注意的是,answer可引申为“应答”之类的意义,这时不能用reply来代替。如:
answer the door (门铃响了)去开门
answer the telephone 接电话
名词的语法功能： 名词在句中作主语，宾语，介词宾语，宾语补足语，表语以及名词短语作状语。 1．主语：The bagis in the desk.书包在桌子里边。 2．宾语：I washed my clothes yesterday. 昨天我洗了我的衣服。 3．表语：This is a good book. 这是一本好书。 4．宾语补足语We selected him our monitor.我们选他为我们的班长。 5．介词宾语Mary lives with her parents.玛丽和她的父母住在一起。 6．定语：She is a Partymember. 她是一位党员。
英语名词特殊用法: 1.family指“家庭”时，强调全体；指“家里人”时强调个体，与住房无关 home指“家”，表示同一家庭共同生活的地方，具有感情色彩 Kate has left home for school.可作副词也可作名词，意思是“在家” house指“住宅”、“住房”The Greens live in a big house.
2.man总称“人”、“人类”，用单数 people泛指“人们”，表示复数概念:People often work in the day. 指“人”的个体，但只表示复数概念:There are five people in my family. 前面加定冠词指“人民”，表示复数概念:Let’s work for the people. 指“民族”时，有单、复数之分:The Chinese people is a hardworking people. person强调“人”的个体，有单、复数之分:There are five persons in my family.
3.police总称“警察”，表示复数概念: policeman强调“警察”的个体，有单、复数之分:My father is a policeman.
4.universe指“宇宙万物”，强调物质概念: When we talk about the universe，we mean the earth， the sun，the moon and many other stars. space指“太空”、“宇宙空间”，强调空间概念: Many countries have sent up the satellites into space. “空间”、“余地”、“空地”:There is no space on the bus.
5.不同国家的人的单复数:
名称
总称(谓语用复数）
一个人
两个人
中国人
the Chinese
a Chinese
two Chinese
瑞士人
the Swiss
a Swiss
two Swiss
澳大利亚人
the Australians
an Australian
two Australians
俄国人
the Russians
a Russian
two Russians
意大利人
the Italians
an Italian
two Italians
希腊人
the Greek
a Greek
two Greeks
法国人
the French
a Frenchman
two Frenchmen
印度人
the Indians
an Indian
two Indians
加拿大人
the Canadians
a Canadian
two Canadians
德国人
the Germans
a German
two Germans
英国人
the English
an Englishman
two Englishmen
瑞典人
the Swedish
a Swede
two Swedes
日本人
the Japanese
a Japanese
two Japanese
美国人
the Americans
a American
two Americans
考点名称：形容词
形容词： 简称adj.或a，形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏与否，形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语。 她是一个好学生，她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard. 这辆自行车很贵。This bike is expensive. 对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now. 你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting?
形容词的语法功能： 一、作定语 He is the greatest writer alive.他是依然健在的伟大的作家。 Somewone else has done it.别人已经做了这事。 二、作补语 形容词做主语补足语和宾语补足语时,可以表示其现状、状态，也可以表示某一动作的结果，并常用在表示“认为，看待”的动词如believe，prove，consider等候。例如： The news made her sad.这消息使他感到非常悲伤。 Don't marry young.不要早婚。 三、作状语 形容词或形容词短语可作状语，形容词作状语时，可以看作是“being+形容词”结构的省略，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等意义。例如： Enthusiastic，they are co-operative.热心的时候他们是很合作的。 Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems.不管是穷人还是富人，不管是年轻人还是老人，我们都有问题。 四、做表语 The ship was adrift on unknown seas．那艘船在陌生的海域漂流。 五、做主语 Old and young joined the discussion. Rich or poor meant the same to him.作感叹语 Very good!Say it again. Stupid!He must be crasy.
形容词的几个特殊用法： most 同形容词连用而不用 the, 表示 " 极,很,非常, 十分"。 It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, it's most difficult. 我干不了这件事，太难了。
"The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..." 表示 " 越... 就越..."。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。 The more, the better. 越多越好。
" 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... "。 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。
主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。 This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。 I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。
the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。 I like to have a talk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。 The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。 The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。
以-ly结尾的形容词 1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错） She sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
too+adj.+to句型 “太…而不能” He is too young to go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school. =He is so young that he can’t go to school.
形容词的位置: 1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语? 单个形容词修饰名词时，一般要放在名词的前面。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。例如：? a red flower一朵红花? an interesting story一个有趣的故事? six blind men 六个盲人? my own house我自己的房子? 如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定，越密切的形容词越靠近名词。 如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面，音节多的形容词放在后面。 2.当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：? She has something new to tell me.?她有一些新的情况告诉我。? I have nothing important to do today.?今天我没有重要的工作要做。? Do you know anybody else here??这儿你还有认识的人吗？? 3.形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：? It is a problem difficult to work out.?这是一道难以解决的问题。? Edison is a student difficult to teach.?爱迪生是个很难教的学生。? This is a kind of flowers easy to grow.?这是一种易栽的花。? 4.用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。例如：? All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.? 所有的人，无论老少，都应该严格要求自己。? We are building a new school, modern and super.? 我们正在建一所现代化的高档次的新型学校。? All countries, rich and poor, should help one another. 所有的国家，无论穷富都应该互相帮助。? 5.有少数形容词，如enough和possible，既可置于所修饰的名词前面也可以置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：? Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare?你有足够的时间做准备吗？? Maybe it will be a possible chance(chance possible)for you.或许它将成为一次可能的机遇。 6.有些形容词，置于名词之前与之后，含义不尽相同。例如：? the writer present 出席的作者? the present writer 现在的作者? 7.表示长，宽，高，深，及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 This river is about 100 metres wide. The building is more than 50 metres tall. He is less than 40 years old. 8. enough修饰名词时，在名词前后都可以。 They said that they had enough food.= They said that they had food enough. enough 修饰形容词和副词，位于其后。 He is old enough to join the army. He isn’t old enough to go to school. 9.形容词else通常放在疑问代词，疑问副词或不定代词后 what/who/where/when/when else something/anything/nothing…else What else did you do? Do you have anything else to say? 10.由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。 This is the book easy to read. 这是一本容易读的书。
形容词知识拓展: 名词化的形容词： 有些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，这时，它相当于一个名词，可作主语或宾语； 表示一类人时，看作复数，表示一类事物时，通常看作单数。 Robin Hooh(罗宾汉) hated the rich and loved the poor. The old are taken good care of in American. the+形容词，常见的短语有： the old/the young/the sick/the white/ the black/the rich/the poor/the dead(死者)
复合形容词的类型： (1)名词+过去分词 man-made satellite 人造卫星 (2)形容词+现在分词 a good-looking man (3)形容词+名词 second-hand cars (4)数词+名词-ed three-legged chairs三条腿的椅子 (5)数词+名词 400- metre race (6)副词+现在分词 hard-working students (7)副词+过去分词 well-known writers (8)形容词+形容词 a dark-red jacket (9)形容词+过去分词 ready-made clothes 成品服装
含有形容词的常用句型： (1) It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth. (good/ kind/nice/polite/clever/foolish… ) It’s very kind of you to help me. (2) It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. (difficult/easy/hard/dangerous/usefulinteresting/important…) It’s important for us to learn English well. (3)下列形容词后常跟动词不定式 表示情感或情绪的形容词：glad,pleased,sorry,sad,afraid,thankful… I'm glad to see you. 表示能力，意志或推测的形容词：ready,able,sure,certain… I’m sorry to hear that.
某些现在分词和过去分词可作形容词 the moving story 令人感动的故事 a moved boy 一个被感动的男孩 a frightened child 一个被吓到的孩子 a frightening film 一个恐怖电影
副词分类: 1、时间副词有三类：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词 1）表示发生时间的副词： It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了！ 2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词: She often changes her mind. 她常改变主意。 3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词： He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词： 1）有不少表示地点的副词： She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。 2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词： ①用作介词：Stand up! 起立！ ②用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。 3）以where 构成的副词也是地点副词： It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、方式副词: carefully, properly(适当地), anxiously(焦虑地), suddenly, normally(正常地), fast, well, calmly(冷静地), politely(有礼貌地), proudly(自豪地), softly, warmly ,slowly 4、程度副词: much,little, very,rather(相当),so,too,still, quite, perfectly(完美地), enough, extremely(非常), entirely(整个),almost, slightly(细小地), hardly. 5、疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6、关系副词: when, where, why.等。 7、 连接副词: therefore(因此),moreover(此外),however,otherwise(另外的),then,when ,where,how,why等。
副词的语法作用： 副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语，定语。 He works hard. （作状语） 他工作努力。 You speak English very well. （作状语） 你英语讲的相当好。 Is she in ? （作表语） 她在家吗? Let's be out. （作表语） 让我们出去吧。 Food here is hardly to get. （here作定语，hardly作状语） 这儿很难弄到食物。 Let him out!（作补语） 让他出去！ 修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后 a. The villagers there are busy getting in wheat.
不同类型副词的用法比较： 方式副词： 1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）： How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳的真美。 2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪： She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。 3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况： He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。
程度副词和强调副词 ： 1）程度副词可修饰动词，表示“到某种程度”： Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗？ [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词（a）或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单 quite correct 完全正确 b. wonderfully well 好极了 do it very quickly 干得很快 2）much 是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以： a. 修饰形容词等： I’m not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。 b. 修饰比较级： You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。 Their house is much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。
疑问副词和连接副词： 1）疑问副词：疑问副词用来引导特殊问句： how: How is your grandmother? 你奶奶身体好吗？ where: Where does she come from? 她是哪儿人？ when: When can you come? 你什么时候能来？ why: Why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚？ 2）连接副词：连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但都引导从句或与不定式连用： how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗？ where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。（引导宾语从句） when: Tell me when you’ll be ready. 告诉我你什么时候准备好。（引导宾语从句） why: That’s why I came round. 这就是我来的原因。（引导表语从句）
一些其它类型的副词，如表示方向的副词： Let’s go inside. 咱们到里面去。 Take two steps forward. 向前走两步。
副词的位置： 1、实义动词前，be动词、情态动词之后。 I am also Bush. I can also do that. I also want to play that games. I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。 He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。 She didn't drink water enough. 她喝的水不够。 The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。 We can go to this school freely. 我们可以免费到这家学校学习。 They left a life hardly then. 当时他们的生活很艰难。 He has a new hat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。 I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。
2、副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。 It's rather difficult to tell who is right.很难说谁是对的。 It's so important that I must tell my friends. 这件事太重要了，我得告诉我的朋友。 It's much better. 好多了。
3、频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。 I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。 He seldom comes to see us. 他很少来看我们。 We usually go shopping once a week. 我们通常一周买一次东西。 The new students don't always go to dance. 新学生并不时常去跳舞。
4、疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习? Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 How much does this bike cost? 这辆车子多少钱？ Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他来。 The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师进教室时，学生们正在读书。
5、时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ The accident took place in the Eleven Avenue one hour ago. 一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。
6、否定副词在句首，句子要倒装，如： Never have I felt so excited!
兼有两种形式的副词： 1) close与closely close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2) late 与lately late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
3) deep与deeply deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4) high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.
5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方" He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.
6) free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 副词有加a或ly的 区别在于通常加a 的副词描述一种状态，而加ly 的副词则倾向于感觉。
过去分词构成形式： 1．规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式） work---worked---worked , visit---visited---visited (2)、以不发音的“ e ” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,try---tried---tried,fry---fried---fried.[1] (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped (5)、以ic结尾的动词，要把ic变成ick再加ed， picnic→picnicked ，traffic→trafficked 2 、不规则动词：见不规则动词表
分词用法： 1、分词作状语 分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。 分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。 当现在分词表示的动作发 生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式,且所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。 完成或被动关系用过去分词。 ①现在分词： The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. ②过去分词： Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、“while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)＋分词”结构 现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。 ①现在分词： When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work…… ②过去分词： Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well. Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分词作定语 分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。 现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。 We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund. This is really an exhausting day to all of us! We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day. More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分词作宾语补足语 现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及 have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补语的成分。 例：I see him passing my house every day. I caught him stealing things in that shop. I smelt something burning.
5、分词作表语 分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。 过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物； ①过去分词： We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning. She felt confused, and even frightened. ②现在分词： He was very amusing. That book was rather boring. 很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语： exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
