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句型转换。1. There are some flowers in Rebecca's room. (否定句) ___________________________________________________2. He likes fishing. (一般疑问句)________-七年级英语

[db:作者]  2019-12-11 00:00:00  互联网

题文

句型转换。

1. There are some flowers in Rebecca's room. (否定句)
     ___________________________________________________
2. He likes fishing. (一般疑问句)
     ___________________________________________________
3. I can play tennis with a racket. (对划线部分提问)
     ___________________________________________________
4. Do you have any uncles? (否定回答)
     ___________________________________________________
5. May I take your order? (肯定回答)
     ___________________________________________________

题型:句型转换  难度:中档

答案

1. There aren't any flowers in Rebecca's room.
2. Does he like fishing?
3. What can you do with a racket?
4. No, I don't.
5. Yes. I'd like a hamburger, please.

据专家权威分析,试题“句型转换。1. There are some flowers in Rebecca's room. (否..”主要考查你对  不定代词,疑问代词,there be 句型,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

不定代词疑问代词there be 句型一般疑问句特殊疑问句

考点名称:不定代词

  • 不定代词
    即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
    初中常用不定代词有:
    some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no(nothing,nobody,no one),
    every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),
    another,none,one,either, neither等。一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。

  • 不定代词用法例举:
    ①一般用于肯定句中的不定代词:some, someone, somebody, something
    例如:They can speak some Japanese.
    ②一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中的不定代词:any, anyone, anybody, anything
    例如:Is there anyone at home?
    ③一般用于句中表示否定意义的不定代词:no, no one, nobody, nothing
    例如:I have no watch.
    There is nothing wrong with the machine.
    ④不定代词one指代可数名词,既可指人,亦可指物,它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数
    名词,指代复数名词时可以用ones。
    例如:I do not have a pen, can you lend me one?
    I like small cars better than large ones.
    ⑤none通常只用作名词,在句中作主语、宾语等。意为“没有任何(人或物)”,既可指人,亦可指物。
    none后常跟of短语,其后用复数可数名词或不可数名词。
    例如:None of them knows the answer to the question.
    ⑥both, all
    both指两个人、物或群体;
    all指三个以上的人、物或群体或泛指一切事物。
    例如:My parents are both teachers.
               All of my friends are football fans.
    ⑦every, each
    each一般用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个别;
    every用于指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重全体。而且each所指对象在上下文中已十分明确。
    例如:Each student went to see that films. (学生至少二人)
                Every student went to the park.(学生至少三人)        
    ⑧other, the other, others, the others, another
    other具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人,亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。
    不定冠词an与other连用则组成another。other只作形容词或代词,表示“其他的,别的”,不可单独使用。
    例如:Do you have any other questions?
    the other作形容词或代词,特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。
    例如:The bookshop is on the other side of the street.
     others相当于“other+名词”,泛指“别的人或物”,只有名词性用法。
    例如:Some are planting trees, others are watering them.
    the others相当于“the other+名词”,表示“剩下的,其余的”,特指除此之外的全部 人或物。
    例如:There are forty-six students in our class. Two of them are foreign, the others are all Chinese.
    another作形容词或代词,泛指三个或三个以上不定数目中的“另一个”。
    例如:This pen is too expensive, please show me another.
    ⑨either, neither
    either指“两者中的任何一个”;neither指“两者中无一”,具有否定意义。
    例如:You can take either half.
    Neither of the books is good.
    ⑩many, much, most
    many和much具有名词和形容词的性质,都表示“许多、大量”。
    Much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词,many只能指代或修饰复数可数名词。Most指“大部分、大多数”。
    例如:Many boys like playing soccer.
    We have much homework to do every day.
    Most students think so.
    (11)few, a few, little, a little
    a few 和a little 意为“少数、少量”,其意义是肯定的。
    A few指代或修饰复数形式的可数名词,a little指代或修饰不可数名词。
    Few 和little意为“几乎一点没有”,具有否定意义。
    例如:He has a few friends here.
    Hurry up! There is little time left.

  • 不定代词的用法:
    不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
    位置
    不定代词+形容词
    不定代词+to do
    作主语
    Both of them are teachers.他们两人都是教师。
    作宾语
    I know nothing about this person.我对这个人一无所知。
    作表语
    This book is too much for a child.这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。
    作定语
    There is a little water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
    作状语
    I can't find my book anywhere.我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。
    修饰不定代词的词,一般情况下要后置。

考点名称:疑问代词

  • 疑问代词:
    疑问代词在句中起名词的作用,用来构成疑问句。常用的疑问代词有:   
    what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever   
    疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有词性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。 
    what, which, whose还可作限定词。
    Whose books are these on the desk?
    桌上的书是谁的?
    What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
    美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
    What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?
    哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
    疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
    指 人: who, whom, whose
    指 物: what
    既可指人又可指物: which

  • 疑问代词说明:
    一、无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
    Which girls do you like best?
    你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
    What girls do you like best?
    你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

    二、Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
    Who(m) did you meet on the street?
    你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
    Who(m) are you taking the book to?
    你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
    To whom did you speak on the campus?
    你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

    三、疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
    For what do most people live and work?大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
    What are you looking for?你在找什么?(现代英语)

    四、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
    I can't make out what he is driving at.
    我不知道他用意何在。
    Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
    你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
    Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
    你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

  • 疑问代词用法:
    1. 疑问代词有who, whom, whose, which和what, 都是用来构成疑问句的:
    Who is calling? 谁打电话来?
    Whom do you want to speak to? 你想找谁接电话?
    作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,在口语中用who作宾语时也不少:
    Who did you mean? 你指的是谁?
    Who are you talking about? 你们在讲谁?
    直接跟在介词后时只能用whom:
    With whom did you come? 你和谁一道来的?
    (口语中说“Who did you come with?时更多一些。)

    2. 其他三个疑问代词可用作:
    1)主语:
    What’s your address? 你的地址怎样写?
    Whose is better? 谁的好一些?
    Which of these is yours? 哪一本是你的?
    2)宾语:
    What do you mean? 你是什么意思?
    Which do you like better? 哪一个你更喜欢一些?
    Whose have you chosen? 你选了谁的?
    3)表语:
    What’s her name? 她叫什么名字?
    Whose is it? 这是谁的?
    4)定语(这样用时有些字典标作形容词):
    What time does the train leave? 这列火车什么时候离开?
    Which room shall we stay in? 我们住哪间房?
    Whose passport is this? 这是谁的护照?

考点名称:there be 句型

  • There be句型:
    是一常见的表示“存在”的句型。该结构不表示“存在”意义的现象又广见于书面语及口语,它以否定句的形式出现,用于对某一具体行为和抽象概念的否定。
    There在此结构中是引导词,已经没有副词“那里”的含义。
    There be 后面的名词是句子的主语,属倒装结构;
    1.There be 句型的否定句有两种构成方式,一种是将否定副词not放在be 之后,如:
    There isn’t a box in the room.房间里没有盒子。
    There aren’t any pens on the desk.课桌上没有钢笔。
    There hasn’t been any rain for a week.一周没下雨了。
    There won’t be a meeting today.今天没有会议。
    另一种是在主语前加上不定代词no , 如:
    There is no water in the bottle.瓶子里没有水。
    There are no pictures on the wall.墙上没有图画。
    There will be no one at home tomorrow morning.明天上午不会有人在家。
    There might be no money left。或许没有剩下什么钱。

    2.There be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在there 之前,回答时用yes或no,后接简单答语。如:
    Is there a cake on the table?桌子上有块蛋糕吗?
    Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.是,有。/ 不,没有。
    Will there be a party tonight?今晚有聚会吗?
    Yes,there will./ No, there won’t是的,有。/ 不,没有。
    Have there been any letters from your mother lately?近日你妈妈有信来吗?
    Yes,there have./ No, there haven’t.是,有的。/ 不,没有。

    3.There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much做引导词两种情况:
    How many students are there in your school?你们学校有多少学生?
    How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少钱?

    4.There be 句型的反意疑问句
    There is a cup on the table, isn’t there?桌子上有只杯子,是吗?
    There is some orange in the glass, isn’t there?杯子里有桔汁,是吗?
    There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there?邮筒里有很多信件,是吗?
    There will be a new hospital nearby, won’t there?附近要建一家新医院,是吗?

  • There be句型结构:
    1、There be 句型中的be 应和其后出现的主语在数上一致,即“近主原则”,如:
    There is a lamp on the table.
    There are some apples in the bowl.
    There are five books,two pens and a ruler in the school bag.
    There is a ruler,two pens and five books in the school bag.

    2、如果主语是复数名词,却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时,则仍用单数be形式,如:
    There is five hundred dollars to pay.
    There is still another 20 miles to drive.
    There is duck and green vegetables for supper.

    3、There be 中的be 有时可以是lie,stand,used to be,seem to be,appear to be 等,如:
    There lies a river to the south.
    There lived an old man in the small house.
    There stood a temple near the river.
    There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill.

    4、There is(was)+no +动词ing结构相当于It is(was) impossible to +动词原形,如:
    There is no going home. 回家是不可能了。
    There is no living with him. 不能和他同住了。
    There is no knowing what may happen. 不可能知道会发生什么事。

  • 和have的比较:
    1.区别点:there be 意为存在,强调某地有某物,不表示所属关系;have 表示所有关系, 强调某人或某地有某物,这是其基本用法。如:
    There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。
    Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
    2.相同点:在表示结构上的含有时,既可以用there be 句型,也可以用have(has) 来表示。如:
    There are many long rivers in China./China has many long rivers.中国有许多长河。
    How many days are there in March?/How many days has March?三月份有多少天?

    注意:
    There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语
    (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时 have\has + pp. 、used to结构等连用,注意其构成形式)。
    例如:
    There must be a pen in the box.
    There happened to be some money in my pocket.
    There is going to be a meeting tonight.
    There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.
    There used to be a church across from the bank.

    There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语. 例如:
    There is a truck collecting rubish outside.
    There is a wallet lying on the ground

  • There be结构中的be动词的确定:
    1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如:   
       There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。   
       There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。   
    2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:   
       There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.
       房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。   
       There are ten students and a teacher in the office.
       办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。   
    3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提到句首。如:   
       In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。

    There be结构时态:
    1.There be 句型中动词be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时。
    There is no harm in trying.不妨一试。
    There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring.去年春天,山中有极美的野花。
    There will be a fine day tomorrow.明天将是一个晴天。
    There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年,我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。

    2.There be 句型可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。
    There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或许有支香烟。
    There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。
    There used to be a hospital there before the war.战前,那里曾经有家医院。

    3.There be 句型也可以和这样一些的谓语动词连用:be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to ….
    There seem to be a few trees between me and the green.在我与草坪之间好像有一些树。
    There is gong to be a meeting tonight.今天晚上有个会议。
    There is likely to be a storm.可能有一场暴雨。
    There happened to be a bus nearby.碰巧附近有辆公交车。
    There appears to have been a nasty accident.似乎发生了一起严重事故。

    4.there be 结构中除可以用be 外,还可以用其它动词。例如:
    There came a scent of lime-blossom.飘来一阵菩提树的花香。
    Once upon a time there lived a king in China.从前中国有一个国王。

  • 非谓语动词形式:
    There be 结构的非谓语动词形式是there to be 和there being 两种形式。在句中作主语、宾语和状语。
    1. there being 结构起名词的作用,直接位于句首作主语,通常用it 作形式主语,并且用for引导。
    There being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.我家旁边有个公共汽车站,很是方便。
    It is impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。

    2. there be 结构作宾语时,通常用there to be ,常作这样一些词的宾语:
    expect,like, mean, intend, want,prefer,hate等。
    I expect there to be no argument about this.我期望关于这件事不要再争吵了。
    I should prefer there to be no discussion of my private affairs.我宁愿不要讨论我的私事。
    People don’t want there to be another war.人们不希望再有战争了。
    另外,作介词宾语时,如果是介词for,只能用“there to be”其它介词用“there being”
    The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。
    I never dreamed of there being any good chance for me.我做梦也没想到我会有好机会。

    3. 作状语的there be 形式,通常用“there being”结构。
    There being nothing else to do ,we went home.因为没有其他事可做,我们就回家了。
    They closed the door ,there being no customers.因为没有顾客,他们的店关门了。

考点名称:一般疑问句

  • 一般疑问句:
    是疑问句的一种。通常用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。口语中若无特殊含义,句末用升调。
    其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分? 
    通常回答为:   
    肯定:Yes+主语+提问的助动词   
    否定:No+主语+提问的助动词+not 
    例如:
    Are you from Japan?   Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
    Do you live near your school? Yes, I do./No, I don't. 
    Can you speak French?  Yes, I can./No, I can't.

  • 一般疑问句的特性:
    1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。
    如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
    I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
    We're watching TV. →Are you watching TV﹖
    2.陈述句中有情态动词(can、may、must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
    He can swim now. →Can he swim now﹖
    The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖
    3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
    I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖
    She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖
    4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
    5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
    Are they in town now﹖
    I think so.
    May I sit here﹖
    Certainly.
    Does he like soccer﹖
    Sorry I don't know.
    6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。

  • 陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧:
    根据一般疑问句不同的家族,可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。
    1、第一家族:含be动词或情态动词的句子
    秘诀:一调二改三问号
    一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
    二改:改换主语称谓,即将句中的主语I\my \mines\we\our\ours等。第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you\your\ yours等;
    三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
    Eg. I am an English teacher.    →    Are you an English teacher?
    Eg. We can speak English fluently.   →    Can you speak English fluently?

    2、第二家族:含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
    秘诀:一加二改三问号
    一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
    二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形;2、改换主语称谓(同第一家组);
    三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
    Eg. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
    Eg. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?
    特别注意:对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原,因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。

    3、加强记忆口诀:
    肯变一,并不难,can 或be提在前;
    谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。

考点名称:特殊疑问句

  • 特殊疑问句:
    以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
    常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
    特殊疑问句的基本结构是“疑问词+一般疑问句”。
    其回答应当是具体的。特殊疑问句句末一般用降调。 
    例如:How do I get there? 
                Why not? 
                What about the sports news?

  • 常用疑问词可先分为3种:
    疑问代词:
    what(什么)
    who(谁,作主语)
    which(哪个,在一定范围内选择)
    whose(谁的,指附属关系)
    whom(谁,作宾语)

    疑问副词:
    when(何时,询问时间)
    where(何地,询问地点)
    why(为什么,询问原因)
    how(如何,询问手段,方式,工具以及程度)

    疑问形容词:
    what(which,whose)+名词
    例词:
    what time(什么时候) what colour(什么颜色)... ...
    how much(多少) how long(多长)...

  • 特殊疑问句的特点:
    一、 特殊的疑问词:
    特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。
    我们学过的疑问词有what(询问事物), how much(询问价格), what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类), why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如:
    —What is this? 这是什么?
    —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。
    —How much is it? 这个多少钱?
    —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。
    —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影?
    —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。

    二、特殊的语序:
    特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如:
    What time is it? 现在几点钟?
    Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?
    特殊疑问句有两种语序:
    1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
    Who is singing in the room﹖
    whose bike is broken﹖
    2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:
    特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语)
    What does she like?
    What class are you in﹖
    Where are you from﹖
    What time does he get up every morning﹖
    How do you know﹖
     
    三、特殊的答语:
    特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如:
    — What time is it, please? 请问几点了?
    — It's 7:30. 七点半了。
    — Where are they? 他们在哪儿?
    —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
    —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么?
    —English. 英语。

    四、 特殊的语调:
    一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如:
    Who's ↘that?
    How old is↘Jack?



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