— The 2010 Asian Sports Meet this November in Guangzhou.— Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well. [ ]A. will be held B. have been heldC. was to be heldD.-九年级英语
[db:作者] 2020-01-06 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
— The 2010 Asian Sports Meet this November in Guangzhou. — Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well.
[ ]
A. will be held B. have been held C. was to be held D. would be held
题型:单选题 难度:中档
答案
A
据专家权威分析,试题“— The 2010 Asian Sports Meet this November in Guangzhou.— Y..”主要考查你对 被动语态,一般将来时 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
被动语态的构成: 被动语态的基本结构: 主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者) ① 一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词 如:Trees are planted every year. ② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词 如:The road is being repaired. ③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词 如:The work has been finished. ④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 如:The story was told by him. Many birds were killed last year. ⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词 如: The new house was being painted when I got home. ⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词 如: He told me that the work had been finished. ⑦一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词 如:The problem will be discussed tomorrow. ⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词 如: He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon. ⑨情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+ be +过去分词 如:The problem must be solved soon. Children should be taught to love animals.
被动语态使用注意: 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 如:happen, break down, come out...... What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 如: write, sell, ride..... This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,但变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 构成be+done.
不用于被动语态的情形: ①不及物动词没有被动语态 这类动词有take place, happen, come about, break out, appear, disappear, last, arise等。 例如:A fire broke out during the night. ②某些静态动词不用于被动语态 这类动词有have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble等。 例如:My shoes do not fit me. ③宾语为相互代词和反身代词时不用于被动语态 例如:We should help each other.
关于主动形式表示被动意义: ①系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式。 例如:The building looks very beautiful. ②当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book sells well. ③有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。 例如:Her eyes filled with tears. ④不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动表被动。 例如:Who is to blame? ⑤某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book is difficult to understand. ⑥不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:Do you have time to help us? ⑦在too...to do sth.和...enough to do sth. 这两个结构中,若主语与其后不定式为to do sth.被动关系,则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用 被动式)。 例如:The writing is too faint to read. ⑧be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。 例如:This movie is worth seeing. ⑨在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The house needs cleaning.
表示“据说”的三类被动句型: ①It is said that...句式 例如:It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number. ②There is said that...句式 例如:There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast. ③sb./sth.is said that...句式 例如:Mr. Brown is said to have died of liver cancer.
一般将来时: 表示将来某一时刻的发生动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 一般句型有: 肯定句: I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They will go. 否定句: I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They will not go. 疑问句: Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go? 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语shall/will (否) No,主语 shall/will not 特殊疑问句: 一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首,后接一般疑问句(就主语提问时,以疑问词who开头的疑问词除外) Why will you be here on Sunday?(周日你为什么将要在这儿?) I will have a meeting on Sunday(我将要在周日举行一个聚会) (对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答) 一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改any,and改or,第一二人称互换 We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 被动句: will/shall+be+v.ed(及物动词过去分词) The letter will be sent tomorrow. 这封信明天将寄出去 We shall be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定,我们将受到惩罚。
一般将来时的构成: 1. 用will或shall表示 “助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式,表示将来发生的事情,用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。在口语中will用于所有人称,书面语中第一人称常用shall,如: ①Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。 ②The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。 ③Shall we go there at five? 我们五点钟去那儿,好吗? ④Will you please open the door? 请你把门打开,好吗? 2. 用be going to结构表示 “be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象 表明必将发生某事,意为“打算;就要”。如: ①We’re going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。 ②Look! It's going to rain. 瞧!快下雨了。 3. 用现在进行时表示 表示位置转移的动词(如:go, come, leave, start, arrive等),可用现在进行时表示将来时。如: ①Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 ②They’re leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。 4. 用一般现在时表示 根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作,在时间和条件状语从句中,都可用一般现在时表示将来时。如: ①The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新学期八月二十九日开学。 ②If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们将出去野餐。 5. 用“be+动词不定式”或用“be about to +动词原形”的结构表示,如: ①He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。 ②They’re about to leave. (=They’re leaving.) 他们就要走了。
be going to与will的区别: be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别: 1. be going to 表示近期、将要发生的事情,will 表示的将来的时间则较远一些,如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如: If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you
shall和will区别: 1.shall和will常常缩写成'll,紧接在主语之后。其否定式 shall not 和will not 的缩写式分别为 shan't 和 won't。 基本句型: be to表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。后+动词原形。 be about to+动词原形,意为马上作某事,不能与tomorrow,next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 2.will和shall在句子中所表达的“意志”是不同的,当句子主语是第一人称(I)的时候表示的是主语 I 的自主“意志”。 例:I will be clear tomorrow . 我会把这件事弄个水落石出 分析:这个句子中用will时,主语 I(我) 就带有强烈的意志,意思是我想让事情水落石出,并且有我会为此付诸努力的意思。 3.当第一人称,用shall的时候就是一个普通的句子,就没有主语的意志。 I shall come back in ten minutes .这句话就是单纯的说 我会在10分钟后回来 没有别的意思 I will come back in ten minutes. 而这句话就有一种意境上的不同。 我会在10分钟后回来,其中的意思还有,就算我有事耽搁了我也会想办法在10分钟后回来的意思 4.shall在第二 、三人称时也和will在第一人称一样。也只有在二三人称才带有意志,只不过shall带有的是“说话者”的意志。而不是主语的意志。 如:he shall be rewarded. 他会得到回报 分析这句话更深度的意思,我说过在shall用在第二三人称时有强烈的“说话者”的意志。 而这句话的“说话者”意志就是 他会得到回报,就算他没有得到回报“说话者”也会想办法让“he”得到回报。
一般现在时的用法: 基本用法: (1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。 例如:I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。(主语是第一人称时最好用shall) Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗? We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。 (2)在一般将来时的句子中,有时有表示将来时间的状语,有时没有时间状语,这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。 例如:Will she come? 她(会)来吗? (3)在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中,一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见(a),或是询问一个情况(b): a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头? b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗? 在这类问句中,近几年来也有不少人用will,特别是在美国。例如: How will I get there? 我怎么去? (4)be going to+ 动词原形 a.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如: We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过? b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如: I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。
其他用法: 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,其表达形式除了“shall(第一人称),will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成”外,还有以下几种形式。 一.“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或打算进行的事。例如: ①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 ②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。 二.go, come,start,move,sail,leave,arrive,stay,live,fly,等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作(行进式动词)。 例如:I'm leaving for Beijing. 三.“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如: ①Are we to go on with this work?我们继续干吗? ②The boy is to go to school tomorrow.这个男孩明天要去上学。 四.“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作,意为:很快,马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。例如: We are about to leave.我们马上就走。 五.某些词,如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay ,live,fly等的一般现在时也可表示将来。 ①The meeting starts at five o'clock.会议五点开始。 ②He gets off at the next stop.他下一站下车。 六。“be due to"构成的谓语,意味“定于…”也可表示将来时。
主将从现: 主将从现是指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句和让步状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。 主将从现常见的有以下四种情况: 一、时间状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时。 如: When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人。
二、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时 如:Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。
三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时,根据需要从句多用一般现在时 如:You should be quiet when you are in the reading room.在阅览室时应保持安静。
四、 如果if的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接时 , 祈使句应用not to.... 如:She said not to close the window 常见的时间状语从句的连词有:as soon as,when,while ,as,until等 主将从现说的是在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的时态是一般将来时,那么从句要用一般现在时。例如: I will tell him about it when he comes. If it is fine tomorrow, we will go outing. 如果主句的时态是过去将来时,那么从句要用一般过去时。例如: He said that he would have another try if he had the chance. I knew he could help me if he was free the next day. 主要标志有:if 、unless 、until、 when 、as soon as