用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Don't forget ______ (turn) off the lights after school.2.She would rather ____ (learn) French than Japanese.3.The old man is to-九年级英语
[db:作者] 2020-01-08 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Don't forget ______ (turn) off the lights after school. 2. She would rather ____ (learn) French than Japanese. 3. The old man is too old ___ _ (walk). 4. Not______ (get) enough sleep has serious effects on our brain's ability to work. 5. His father didn't allow him ______ (watch) TV on weekends.
题型：填空题 难度：中档
答案
1. to turn 2. learn 3. to walk 4. getting 5. to watch
不定式的用法: 1、不定式作主语 例如：To remember this is very important. 注意：为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首主语位置使用形式主语it。 例如：It is very important to remember this. 2、不定式作表语 例如：He seems to be ill. 注意：不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem, appear, prove等系动词之后的不 定式（尤其是to be）， 二是像My job is to sweep the floor. 这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形， 三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等，如： You are to come when I call. 3、不定式作宾语 例如：I can not afford to buy a car. 注意： ①不定式不仅用作动词的宾语，还可用作个别介词（but, except）的宾语。 例如：I had no choice but to wait. ②当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后 例如：I find it difficult to learn Japanese well. 4、不定式作宾语补足语 例如：Who taught you to drive? 5、不定式作定语 例如：I have a question to ask you. 注意：有的名词（如way, chance, right等）后用作不定式可换成of doing sth. 如：It is the best way to do (of doing) it. 但是以下名词后接不定式作定语时通常不能换成of doing sth. attempt courage decision effort fortune failure invitation wish 6、不定式作状语 例如：I went to France to learn French.
实意动词使用方法： 及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如： I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。 “How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?” Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。 Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质。
不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如： Birds fly.鸟会飞。 It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。 My watch stopped.我的表停了。 She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。
兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况 a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词) She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词) When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词) They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词) b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如： Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。 Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
英汉实意动词用法比较： 与汉语的比较，有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况： a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agree同意，listen听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如： We arrived at the railway station at noon. 我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去) (比较：We reached the railway station at noon.) Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest. 每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去) (比较：We all heard the lecture.) Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve为…服务。 Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly. 我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务 用于be动词之后，实义动词之前。
过去分词构成形式： 1．规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式） work---worked---worked , visit---visited---visited (2)、以不发音的“ e ” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,try---tried---tried,fry---fried---fried.[1] (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped (5)、以ic结尾的动词，要把ic变成ick再加ed， picnic→picnicked ，traffic→trafficked 2 、不规则动词：见不规则动词表
分词用法： 1、分词作状语 分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。 分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。 当现在分词表示的动作发 生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式,且所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。 完成或被动关系用过去分词。 ①现在分词： The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. ②过去分词： Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、“while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)＋分词”结构 现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。 ①现在分词： When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work…… ②过去分词： Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well. Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分词作定语 分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。 现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。 We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund. This is really an exhausting day to all of us! We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day. More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分词作宾语补足语 现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及 have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，作宾语补语的成分。 例：I see him passing my house every day. I caught him stealing things in that shop. I smelt something burning.
5、分词作表语 分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。 过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。现在分词表示主语的性质，而且主语多为物； ①过去分词： We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning. She felt confused, and even frightened. ②现在分词： He was very amusing. That book was rather boring. 很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语： exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
考点名称：固定搭配
固定搭配： 英语中的固定搭配主要是指英语中的习惯用法，如有固定用法的一些动词短语、介词短语、名词词组及形容词词组。 例如： take part in (参加) by accident (偶然地) lucky dog (幸运儿) be interested in (对…感兴趣)
初中英语常见固定搭配： (一)加-ing enjoy / like doing sth 喜欢做---- spend....(in) doing sth 在做---花费--- try doing 试着做------ be busy doing sth 忙于做------ finish doing sth 完成做---- look forward to + doing sth 期待做----(现在进行时) be doing 正在做--- Thank you for (doing) sth 为了--感谢你
（二）加-to decide to do sth 决定去做----- ask (sb)to do 要求(某人)去做---- It’s+adj +to do sth . 做---(怎么样) would like / want to do 想要做----- It takes sb sometime to do sth在做----花费----
（三）加原形 let / make sb do sth 让某人做某事 be going to / will do sth （一般将来时态）
（四）加-to 或-ing意思不同 forget doing 忘记做过了-----(已做) forget to do 忘记去做------(还没做) remember doing记得做过了-----(已做) remember to do记得去做------(还没做)
（五）加-to 或-ing意思相同 begin / start to do sth = begin / start doing sth开始做------
（六） A）动词+ 介词 agree with同意....的意见(想法)；符合 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) listen to听... ..get to到达.... fall off (从......)掉下base on以....(为)根据 knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn.. from 向...学习 live on继续存在；靠...生活 look after照顾，照看look at看；观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱；支付 point at指示；指向 point to指向....prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard...as ...把....当作....；当作 stop...from阻止.....做..... talk about说话；谈话；谈论 talk with与......交谈think about考虑 think of认为；想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求；询问 carry on坚持下去；继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除；收拾干净 come down下来；落 come along来；随同 come in进来 come on来吧；跟着来；赶快 come over过来；顺便来访 come out出来；出现；(花)开；发(芽) drop off放下(某物)；下车 eat up吃光；吃完 fall behind落在......后面；输给别人 fall down跌倒；从......落下 find out查出(真相) get back回来；取回 get down下来；落下；把......取下来 get off下来；从......下来get on上(车) get up起床 give up放弃go on继续 go out出去 go over过一遍；仔细检查 grow up长大；成长 hand in交上来 hurry up赶快 hold on (口语)等一等；(打电话时)不挂断 look out留神；注意 look over (仔细)检查 look up向上看；抬头看 pass on传递；转移到.... pick up拾起；捡起 put away放好；把....收起来 put on穿上；戴上；(戏剧等)上演；放(唱片等 put down把(某物)放下来 put up挂起；举起 run away流失；逃跑；逃走 rush out冲出去 set off出发；动身； 启程send up发射；把......往上送 shut down把......关上 sit down坐下 slow down减缓；减速 take off脱掉(衣服) take out取出 throw about乱丢；抛撒 trip over (被......)绊倒 try on试穿(衣服、鞋等)；试戴(帽子等) try out试验；尝试 turn down关小；调低 turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等 turn off关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等) turn over (使)翻过来 wake up醒来 wear out把......穿旧；磨坏 work out算出；制订出 write down写下.... C) be + 形容词+ 介词 be angry with对(某人)发脾气 be interested in对......感兴趣 be able to能；会 be afraid of害怕 be amazed at对......感到惊讶 be excited about对......感到兴奋 be filled with用......充满 be full of充满......的 be good at =do well in在....方面做得好；善于 be late for迟到 be made in在......生产或制造 be made of由....组成；由.... be pleased with对......感到满意 be proud of以......自豪/高兴 be used for用于 D)动词+ 名词/ 代词 beg one′s pardon请原谅；对不起 do morning exercises做早操 do one′s homework做作业 enjoy oneself =have a good time过得快乐；玩得愉快 give a concert开音乐会 go boating去划船 go fishing去钓鱼go hiking去徒步旅行 go skating去滑冰 go shopping (去)买东西 have a cold (患)感冒 have a cough (患)咳嗽 have a headache (患)头痛 have a try尝试；努力 have a look看一看 have a rest休息 have a seat (= take a seat ) 就坐；坐下 have sports进行体育活动 have supper吃晚餐 hear of听说 hold a sports meeting举行运动会 make a decision作出决定 make a mistake犯错误 make a noise吵闹 make faces做鬼脸 make friends交朋友 make money赚钱 take one′s place坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自学 watch TV看电视 take photos照相 take time花费(时间) take turns轮流 E)动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词 catch up with赶上 come up with找到；提出(答案、解决办法等) get on well with与......相处融洽 give birth to生(孩子) help yourself / yourselves to自取；随便吃 make room for给.....腾出地方 play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧 speak highly of称赞 say good bye to告别；告辞 take an active part in积极参加 take care of照顾；照料；注意 F)其他类型 be awake醒着的 be born出生 be busy doing忙着做 come true实现 do one′s best尽最大努力 fall asleep睡觉；入睡 go home回家 go on doing (sth.)继续做某事；尽力 get married结婚 get together相聚 go straight along 沿着...一直往前走 had better (do)最好(做...) keep doing sth.一直做某事 make sure确保；确认；查明 make up one′s mind下决心
