It ______ to drive after drinking wine. [ ]A. is allowedB. is not allowedC. is made D. is welcomed-八年级英语
[db:作者] 2020-01-10 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
It ______ to drive after drinking wine.
[ ]
A. is allowed B. is not allowed C. is made D. is welcomed
题型:单选题 难度:中档
答案
B
据专家权威分析,试题“It ______ to drive after drinking wine. [ ]A. is allowedB...”主要考查你对 一般现在时,被动语态 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
一般现在时被动语态
考点名称:一般现在时
一般现在时: :表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。
一般现在时的具体用法: 1. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 2. 表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g. The earth moves around the sun. 3. 表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态 e.g. He lives in Beijing now. 4. 习惯性的爱好或行为 e.g. I like dancing while she likes singing. 5. 表示预先计划或安排好的行为。 e.g. Our class begins at 7:45. 6. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。 e.g. If you come, we will wait for you. 7. 表示格言或警句中。 e.g. Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 8.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。 e.g. I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 9.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。 10.小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容,为了体现其“新鲜”性,也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。 11.有些表示状态和感觉的动词表示现在发生的具体行为时,只用一般现在时,而不用进行时态。 注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me,I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
一般现在时与现在进行时的区别: 一、两种时态的主要含义: 一般现在时 1.表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性。 The table ____ soft。(feels) 表特性特征。 Japan ___ in the east of China。 (lives) 表客观事实 2.现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间。 The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯) 3.表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词,如: It doesn’t matter. Does it hurt? (感觉结果) 4.特殊用法: -在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。 -If you go there,I’ll help you. —用在begin,come,go,leave,return,open,close 等短暂谓语动词表规定计划。 The plane takes off at 11:30. (不受主观支配的计划) -在剧本、解说、标题或there(here)开头的句中表进行 There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang. I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布) He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)
现在进行时 1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作 Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生) 2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。 He usually gets up at 6:00,but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床) 3.现在进行时的特殊意义 -表示主观打算常用于 go,come,leave,start,begin 等,位移、趋向动词。 How long are you staying here (准备停留) -表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell,say,talk,discuss You don’t believe it You know I’m telling the truth. -表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌等感情色彩。 He is always making noises in class. (讨厌) -在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。 Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.
二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义 1. 持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。 2.短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。 3.短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。 The bus stops. (车停了-事实) The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来) I love the job. (静态事实) I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了) 4.come,go,leave,start,return,move,reach,sail,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。 Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表主观打算) The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断) 5.现在进行时带always,often,usually,sometimes,等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。
一般现在时的句子转换: (1)当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句. 例: ①陈述句:She is a student. 疑问句→ Is she a student? 否定句→ She is not a student. ②陈述句:I can swim. 疑问句→ Can you swim 否定句→ I can not swim.
(2)当句子中即没有be动词,也没有情态动词时,则在主语前加助动词do (you,以及复数),does(单数she,he,it)变成问句; 在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t(I,you,以及复数), doesn’t(单数she,he,it)变成否定句,助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。 例: ①陈述句:We get up at 7:00 every morning. 疑问句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning? 否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning. ②陈述句:She has a little brother. 疑问句→ Does she have a little brother? 否定句→ She doesn’t have a little brother.
一般现在时的表达方法: 主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示,其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。现在一般时动词变化的规则是: 1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、 we ,谓语动词不用做任何变化,即仍然用动词原形表示: We usually go to school at 7:30. 我们通常7:30上学去。[go] My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。[give]
特殊变化的词: be (是) - am,is,are I am she/he/it,名词单数都用 is we,you,they,名词复数都用are have (有) - have,has I,we,you,they,名词复数都用have she/he/it is,名词单数都用 has
助动词,不论单复数、不论什么人称都没有变化,都用 can,may,must,need,ought to 等。 而且,句子中有了助动词,谓语动词就不需要有任何变化了,即用动词原形表示。例: We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。 I often get up at 6:30. 我经常6:30起床。 Jack likes Chinese food very much.杰克很喜欢中国饮食。 We can see some pictures on the wall. 我们能看到墙上的画。
4.一般现在时常用的时间词语 常用于一般现在时的词语有 sometimes/usually/often/every day(week,year)/ now/always 等。 这些时间词语只是辅助作用,这些词语也可用于其它的时态,所以谓语动词变化才是最关键的。 注意:当表现强烈的感情色彩时,尽管有如 always/never/seldom 等频率副词,但一般在频率副词前加上be动词,后面变为动词的现在分词形式。 例:My father lose his key again. He is always losing his key.
被动语态的构成: 被动语态的基本结构: 主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者) ① 一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词 如:Trees are planted every year. ② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词 如:The road is being repaired. ③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词 如:The work has been finished. ④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 如:The story was told by him. Many birds were killed last year. ⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词 如: The new house was being painted when I got home. ⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词 如: He told me that the work had been finished. ⑦一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词 如:The problem will be discussed tomorrow. ⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词 如: He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon. ⑨情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+ be +过去分词 如:The problem must be solved soon. Children should be taught to love animals.
被动语态使用注意: 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 如:happen, break down, come out...... What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 如: write, sell, ride..... This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,但变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse. 构成be+done.
不用于被动语态的情形: ①不及物动词没有被动语态 这类动词有take place, happen, come about, break out, appear, disappear, last, arise等。 例如:A fire broke out during the night. ②某些静态动词不用于被动语态 这类动词有have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble等。 例如:My shoes do not fit me. ③宾语为相互代词和反身代词时不用于被动语态 例如:We should help each other.
关于主动形式表示被动意义: ①系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式。 例如:The building looks very beautiful. ②当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book sells well. ③有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。 例如:Her eyes filled with tears. ④不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动表被动。 例如:Who is to blame? ⑤某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book is difficult to understand. ⑥不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:Do you have time to help us? ⑦在too...to do sth.和...enough to do sth. 这两个结构中,若主语与其后不定式为to do sth.被动关系,则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用 被动式)。 例如:The writing is too faint to read. ⑧be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。 例如:This movie is worth seeing. ⑨在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The house needs cleaning.
表示“据说”的三类被动句型: ①It is said that...句式 例如:It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number. ②There is said that...句式 例如:There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast. ③sb./sth.is said that...句式 例如:Mr. Brown is said to have died of liver cancer.