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Prison Break is the best American TV play that I these years. [ ]A. will watch B. watch C. watched D. have watched -九年级英语

[db:作者]  2020-01-10 00:00:00  零零社区

题文

Prison Break is the best American TV play that I               these years.

[     ]

A. will watch
B. watch
C. watched
D. have watched
题型:单选题  难度:中档

答案

D

据专家权威分析,试题“Prison Break is the best American TV play that I these years..”主要考查你对  现在完成时,定语从句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

现在完成时定语从句

考点名称:现在完成时

  • 现在完成时:
    过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
    基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
    句式:
    1. 否定句式:现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't (hasn't)+过去分词...”。
    如:I have not seen the movie yet. 我还没看这部电影。
    2. 一般疑问句:Have(Has)+主语+过去分词...? 如:
    —Have you finished the work?你已经做完这项工作了吗?
    —Yes, I have. 是的,我已经做完了。(No, I haven't. 不,我还没有做完。)
    3. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have(has)+主语+过去分词...?如:
    How many times have you been to the Great Wall?你去过长城几次?
    提示:肯定句中有some, already时,改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yet。如:
    I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业。
    → I haven't finished my homework yet. (否定句)
    → Have you finished your homework yet? (一般疑问句)
    现在完成时常见两种句型:
    ①for短语
    ②It is+一段时间+ since从句

  • 现在完成时特点:
    1. 非持续性动词的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连用,若要用时间段状语,则应换成相应的持续性动词或状态动词。
    例如:
    He has left.
    He has been away for an hour.
    2. have/has been to 表示曾经去过某地,但现在不在那;have/has gone to表示现在已去某地,现在不在这。
    例如:
    He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company.
    Mr. Li in not at home. He has gone to Shanghai.
    3. 完成时的肯定式常用already,而否定式和疑问式常用yet,但若already用于疑问句时,表示一种出乎意外的惊讶。
    例如:Have you read it already?

  • 现在完成时和一般过去时区别:
    现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。
    但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等,
    而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生,不表示和现在的关系。
    比较:
    I have lost my new book.  我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)
    I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的,现在找到与否没说明)

    have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别:
    have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;
    have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,
    前者可与once ,never,several times等连用,后者则不能。
    如:
    They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
    He has gone to Beijing .  他去北京了。

    现在完成时注意事项:
    1.如单纯表示一段时间,或强调一段时间,虽有since一词,也不必用完成时。如:
    It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。

    2.终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:
    I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿。

    3..现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去的时间状语)
    如:yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等,除非与for,since连用.

    4.不能与when连用.

  • 现在完成时的用法:
    1.表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如:
    -Have you had lunch yet?    
    -Yes,I have. I've just had it.
    2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。
    常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。如:
    He has taught here since 1981
    他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)
    I have't seen her for four years.
    我有四年没见到她了。
    3.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”。
    常与twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。 如:
    I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京

    4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如:
    now,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,just,today,up to present,so far等:
    Peter has written six papers so far.
    Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
    There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.
    The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
    Up to the present everything has been successful.

    5.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如:
    already(肯定),yet(否定,疑问),just,before,recently,still,lately,never等:
    He has already obtained a scholarship.
    I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
    We have seen that film before.
    Have they found the missing child yet?

    6.现在完成时的"完成用法"
    现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。
    例如:
    He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)
    现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此:
    该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month /year...,today等)连用。
    例如:Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?
    7.现在完成时的"未完成用法"
    现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
    例如:
    He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。
    (动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。)
    I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
    (动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。)
    此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far)等。
    例如:
    I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
    注意:现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。
    如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。
    8.一段时间+has passed+since从句
    主语+have / has been+since短语
    例如:He has been in the League for three years.
    或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了  
    9. 现在完成时常和短语 "up to now /till now","so far" (意思是从过去某一确定的时间一直延续到现在)连用。  
    Up to/till now he's read many story books. 至今他已读过好多故事书。
    I've been to New York three times so far. 至今我已到纽约去过三次。
    has gone (to),has been (to),has been (in) 的区别
    has gone to:去了没回
    has been to :去过
    has been in:呆了很久

考点名称:定语从句

  • 定语从句:
    担任定语动能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
    定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一部分。

  • 定语从句的分类:
    根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
    限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去;
    非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
    1.由that引导的定语从句
    一般情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。如:
    The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.
    正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。
    Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?
    这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?
    The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.
    昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。
    2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句
    who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语。如:
    This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。
    He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。
    The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。
    3.由which引导的定语从句
    which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如:
    The book which Mum bought me last week is called“Red Star Over China”.
    妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫《西行漫记》。
    The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.
    鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。
    4.由where,when和why引导的定语从句
    where在从句中作地点状语,when在从句中作时间状语,why在从句中作原因状语。如:
    I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。
    He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校。
    I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。
    [注意点]
    关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词常省去。如:
    The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel
    我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次。

  • 限定性定语从句:
    1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;
    它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
    而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
    2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
    3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略
    4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
    5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
    6. when引导定语从句表示时间
    〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导
    By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
    I still remember the first time I met her.
    Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
    7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
    8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导

    非限定性定语从句
    非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
    1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
    2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
    Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.
    人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
    I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it.
    我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反。
    We arrived the day that(on which) they left.
    刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
    3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
    4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物

  • 限定性定语从句口诀:
    (口诀一)  
    定语从句真奇妙,  
    关系代(副)词来引导,  
    定语从句分两种,  
    是否限定看逗号。  
    (口诀二)  
    which指物who指人,  
    地点where时间when,  
    that人或物均可,  
    why之前是reason。  
    (口诀三)  
    从句当中作宾语,  
    whom可以代替who,  
    为了句子更简练,  
    关系代词可省去。  
    (口诀四)  
    关系若是表所属,  
    whose用法不可无。  
    除此之外还有啥,  
    whom, which加of。  
    (口诀五)  
    关系代词不一般,  
    介词经常用在前,  
    此时不用that, who,  
    which, whom才安全。 

  • 引导定语从句的关系词:

    关系词

    词形

    所修饰的先行词 

    在从句中所作的成分 

    关系代词

    who

    主语、宾语、表语

    whom

    宾语

    which

    主语、宾语、表语

    that

    人或物

    主语、宾语、表语

    as

    人或物

    主语、宾语、表语

    whose=of whom/of=which

    人或物

    定语

    关系副词

    when

    时间词

    时间状语

    where

    地点词

    地点状语

    why

    原因词

    原因状语

  • 关系代词的用法 :
    1. 关系代词的句法功能 
    (1)关系代词在句中作主语
    例如:I prefer music that/which has great lyrics 
    (2) 关系代词在句中作宾语 
    例如:I like music that I can sing along with. 
    (3)关系代词在句中作表语
    例如:The house is not the one (that) it used to be.
    2. 关系代词在从句中作名词的定语
    例如:Is she the teacher whose hair is very short? 
    3. 关系代词的用法 
    (1)who和whom的用法:二者都用于指人。Who在定语从句中作主语、宾语,
    whom 在定语从句中作宾语。Whom在从句中能坐介词的宾语,而who则不能。
    例如:
    I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party 
    in the shopping center yesterday.
    (2)whose的用法:一般指人,有时也指物。在定语从句中作定语。 
    例如:I have got a friend whose brother is training for the Olymoics.
    (3)which的用法:一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、偶尔作定语。 
    例如:The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 
    (4)that的用法:指人或物,指人时可与who、whom互换,指物时可与that互换。
    在从句中可作主语、宾语,还可作表语。 
    例如:It is a book (that/which) no one really likes. 
    4. 宜用who不宜用that的情况 
    (1)先行词是指人的不定代词时 
    例如:Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered the competitions.  
    (2) 先行词指人时且含有较长的后置定语     
    例如:The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother.
    5. 在以下情况中,关系代词常用that
    (1)先行词为all, little, few, none 及some-, any-, no-与thing所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。
    例如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 
    (2)先行词前有only, some, any等形容词修饰时,只能用that。
    例如:This is the only problem that we can’t work out.
    (3)先行词前由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。
    例如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
    (4)先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用他和她,
    例如:Lu Xun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.
    6. 只能用which不能用that的情形
    (1)当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时,只能用which
    例如:The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing.
    (2)关系代词前面有介词时,只能用which
    例如:The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down.
    (3)先行词本身就是that时
    例如:I don’t like that which he did.

    关系副词的用法 
    1. when的用法:它的先行词通常是time, day, morning等。有时也可和一些介词一起引导定语从句。
    例如:Do you remember the time when she went abroad?
    2. where的用法:它的先行词通常有place, spot, room等。
    例如:I like places where the weather is always warm.
    3. why的用法:它的先行词只有reason。Why时常也可以省略。
    例如:Tell me the reason why she was late.



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