选出错误的选项并改正。( ) 1. Bob is playing a guitar. ________________ A B C ( ) 2. I want you to speak loud. ________________A B C ( ) 3. Here come the sc-六年级英语
[db:作者] 2019-08-13 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
选出错误的选项并改正。
( ) 1. Bob isplayinga guitar. ________________ A B C ( ) 2. I want you to speak loud. ________________ A B C ( ) 3. Herecomethe school bus. ________________ A B C ( ) 4. I usually go to the park at Saturday. ________________ A B C ( ) 5. These pencils areyour. ________________ A B C
定冠词the的使用情况 A、表示一类人或事物中的某一个或某一些。不论单数名词或复数名词,也不论该名词是否可数, 前面都可以用the。 B、特指某人或某事之前用the。例:The girl under the tree is my sister. C、指说话人与听话人都熟悉的人或事之前用the。 D、形容词最高级和序数词之前要用the。the best,the first。 E、表示世界上独一无二的事物之前要用the。the Great Wall。 F、重复上文中提到过的人或事用the。
定冠词的用法口诀: 特指双熟悉,上文已提及; 世上独无二,序数最高级; 某些专有名,习语及乐器。
作为定冠词的基本用法,在下列三种情况下,名词前一定要加the。 第一,当名词所指的东西已经非常明显; 第二,前面已经提到的名词,再次提到时; 第三,当该名词由短语或从句所修饰时。举例如下: e.g. My friend is waiting for me at the end of the street. (所指的街道说话人和听话人都知道) e.g. Once upon a time, there was a temple. A monk living in the temple was very kind. (‘temple’在上文提到过,所以再次出现时,要加the) e.g. This is the book I promised to lend you. (‘the book’由后置定语从句修饰,要加the) 从上面的例子可以看出,这三种情况最根本的要点是当名词有明确所指时或明显被限定时,一般要用the。也就是说,这里强调了the的特指作用。 另外还有两种the的固定用法也强调特指:当用在独一无二的宇宙天体之前(如:the sun, the sky),及用在某些专有名词之前(如:the Yellow River, the Times, the Ministry of Education)等。
名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 --'s属格结构,例如: Jack's cap 意为 The cap is Jack's. His cap 意为 The cap is his. 名词性物主代词的句法功能: a. 作主语,例如: May I use your pen? Yours works better. 我可以用一用你的钢笔吗? 你的比我的好用。 b.作宾语,例如: I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。 c.作介词宾语,例如: You should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours. 你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话,而不能按你自己的意义去解释。 d.作主语补语,例如: The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你,属于你,属于你。 物主代词的意思是物品主人的代词。
副词用法: 副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语。 He works hard. 他工作努力。 You speak English quite well. 你英语讲的很好。 Is she in ? 她在家吗? Let's be out. 让我们出去吧。 Food here is hard to get. 这儿很难弄到食物。
介词分类: 一、表示地点位置的介词 (1)at, in, on, to, for at 表示在小地方;表示“在……附近,旁边”。 in 表示在大地方;表示“在……范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。 to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”。 (2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对; over 指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。 例:The bird is flying above my head. 小鸟在我的头上飞。 There is a bridge over the river. 在河上有一座桥。 He put his watch on the desk.他把他的表放在了桌子上。 (3)below, under在……下面 under 表示在……正下方 below 表示在……下,不一定在正下方 例:There is a cat under the table. 桌子底下有一只猫。 Please write your name below the line. 请在横线下写上你的名字。 (4)beside,behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面
二、表示时间的介词 (1)in,on,at在……时 A、in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。 如:inthe1950s, in1989, insummer, inJanuary, inthemorning等。 B、on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如:on May 1st, on Monday, onNew Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 C、at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如:at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of, at the age of, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。 (2)after在……之后 “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后; “after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
三、其它常用介词 (1)about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身. I have bought a book about Shakespearean. 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。 There are about fifteen trees in the picture. 大约有十五棵树在图片里。 (2)across横过,对面,交叉,在……的对面 Can you swim across the river? 你能游过河吗? We live across the street. 我们住在街的对面。 (3)along沿着,顺着. They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。 (4)by 被……,在……的近旁,在……之前,不迟于,以……为手段。 The class room was cleaned by the students. 教室由学生们打扫干净了。 Miss Lucy came to China by air. 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。 (5)for为……,因为……,至于……。 He works for this company. 他为这家公司工作。 She came back to the classroom for she had lef the books in the class room. 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。 (6)from从……,来自……,因为…… Where are you from? 你是哪里人? He diedf rom an accident. 他死于一场事故。 (7)of……的,属于…… This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。 (8)with使用、和……在一起 We write with a pen. 我们用笔写字。 Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗? 注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.
小学常见介词: 1.on (1) 在------上面 The book is on the desk. (2) 在------(哪一天/星期)What do you do on Wednesday? (3) 在------(月、日)My birthday is on August 2nd. 2. in (1)在------里面 The pens are in the pencil-box. (2)在------(哪一年/月)His birthday is in October. He worked here in 1992. (3 ) 在------(地方) He works in Dongguan. (4 ) 在------之内 What are you going to do in 20 years? (5 ) 在------(早上、下午、晚上) I do morning exercises in the morning every day. I usually play basketball in the afternoon. I often do my homework in the evening. 3. under 在------底下 There is a ball under the bed. 4. near 在------附近 There is a book shop near our school. 5. in front of 在------前面 A boy is standing in front of the house. 6. beside 在------旁边 A football is beside the door. 7. next to 紧挨着 There is a bus station next to No. 13 Middle School. 8. over 在------正上方 A bridge is over the river. 9. on the left 在------左边 The bookstore is on the left. 10. on the right 在------右边 The hospital is on the right. 11. before 在……之前 Mike sits before me. 12. after 在------以后 He went home after school. 13. in the middle 在------中间 The road is in the middle. 14. at (1) 在------(小地方) I am at school today. I was at home yesterday. (2) 在------(点钟) I usually go to school at 8:00 am. (3)看一看 Look at the blackboard. (4) 在中午 at noon 15. behind 在------后面 There is a broom behind the door. 16.for (1)给 This present is for you. (2)为了 Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo. (3)作为 We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch. 17.to (1) 到 Take your sport shoes to the P.E class. (2) 致 Happy birthday to you. Give it to your friend. 18. from 来自 I am from China. = I come from China. 19. from --- to 从------到------ Line up from shorter to taller. We have class from Monday to Friday. 20. of ------的 He is a student of Kama School. 21. by (1)在------之前 We must be at home by 6 o’clock. (2)乘------交通工具 People can go to the moon by spaceship. I go to school by bus. 22.with (1) 用 I write a letter with a pen. (2) 和------一起 He went to Shenzhen with his parents. 23. between 在------与------之间 There is a football match between Class One and Class Three. 24. into 到------里 Sharks can dive into the deep cold water. 25. like (1)象------ The twins are like their father. (2)长相------怎样? What’s he like? 26. up 向上 Put up your hands if you have any questions. 27. down 向下 Put down all the books here. 28. about (1) 大约;关于 It’s about 6:00 now. (2) ------怎么样? What about---? How about---? 29. what for 为什么 But what for?
完全倒装和部分倒装: 如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫完全倒装; 如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。 A、完全倒装 a. 用于there be句型。 例: There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有几位学生。 There is a tall tree in front of the classroom. 教室的前面有一棵大树。 b. 用于“here(there, now, then)+实义动词+主语”的句型中,或以 in,out,up,down,away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。 例: Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。 注意: a.主语是代词时,主语和谓语不能倒装。 b.here,there 放在句首通常用一般现在时。 例: Here it is. 给你。(你要的东西在这儿。) Here he comes. 他来了。 c.用于so,neither,nor开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容。原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致。 He has been to Canada. So have I. 他去过加拿大,我也去过。 You can't speak French. Neither can she. 你不会说法语,她也不会。 表示前面所述的情况也适合于后面一个人或事物,通常在so后用倒装句式(部分倒装用一般问句的形式): He likes English. So do I. 他喜欢英语,我也一样。 He was ill and so were his parents. 他病了,他父母也病了。 但是如果前面所述情况为否定式,则用neither,nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so): He couldn’t do it, and neither could she. 他做不了,她也做不了。 He never comes late. Nor do I. 他从不迟到,我也从不迟到。 后一句子若只是重复前句的意思,起加强语气的作用,so后面不用倒装句式: —He has done a good job. 他干得不错。 —So he has. 他的确干得不错。
B、部分倒装。(小学阶段出现情况较少,在此不作进一步解释)
倒装句使用情况: 1. 在以here,there,up,in,out,away,off等表示方位的副词开头的句子里, 主语是名词时,句子要用倒装,以示强调;但主语是代词时,主谓不倒装。如: Away flew the birds. Out rushed the children. There goes the bell.
2. 以only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句(自身不倒装)位于句首时,常用倒装句。如: Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to go to school. Only in a big city was it possible for him to buy a wheelchair. Only after I read the text over again did I know its main idea..
3. 在so(肯定句),neither和nor(否定句)引起的句子中, 表示上文所讲的某种情况“也”适合于下文的另一人物时, 用倒装。如: Lucy likes China. So does Lily. Tom doesn’t like bananas. Neither/Nor do I. 【注意】如果so不是表示“也”的意思,而是表示“的确”、“果真如此”时,即使它位于句子开头也不用倒装的形式; 另外,如果在讲前面的某种情况时既含有动作动词又含有be动词,(或者前面所讲的情况既有肯定又有否定或者两个主语既有人又有物),再讲后面的另一人物“也”是这样时,要用so的特殊句型, 但还是用正常语序。如: John won first prize in the contest. So he did. She is a good girl and she likes English very much. So it is with Han Mei. Lucy is an American, she doesn’t like Chinese tea. So it is with Lily.
4. 在so…that(如此…以至于)句型中,如果so连同状语一起位于句首时,也用倒装形式。如: So tired was he after a long journey that he couldn’t stay up.
5. 在as以引导的让步状语从句中,谓语动词以后的部分倒装(提到as之前)。如: Young(Child)as he is,he knows a lot about computer. 【注意】在as引导的这种倒装的让步状语从句中,被倒装的部分一般分为三种: 表语、状语和动词原形。如果表语是不带定语的单数可数名词,前边的a(an)要省去; 被倒装的动词原形常与may、might、will、would等词连用,而这些词都要保留在原来的位置上。 此外,这个倒装在句首的动词原形不能是连系动词(若是连系动词,倒装的部分是表语),一般多为不及物动词。再看另外的两个例句: Much as I hate him, I will not kill him. Try as he might, Tom could not find a job.
6. 表示否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时,要用倒装。常见的这类词语有: not、never、seldom、rarely、hardly、by no means、in no time、little等。如: Never shall I forget the day. Little did I know when I took the trip where it would lead me. By no means shall we understand you.
7. 省略if的倒装 在if引导的虚拟语气中,谓语动词有were、had或should等时,可以将if省掉,把这些词语移到主语之前。如: Were I you(=If I were you), I would do thework better. Had they time (=If they had time) ,they should certainly come and help us. Should there be a flood (=If there should be a flood), what should we do?
8. such表示“这样的人/事”时, (系动词往往是be动词),当such位于句首时,就要用倒装。如:Such would be our home in the future. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.
9. 几个否定关联词组连接的两并列分句 ①. not only…but(also)…连接的分句前倒后正。如:Not only was the city polluted but (also) the streets were crowed. ②. no sooner... than;hardly…when…; scarcely…when (before)…等连接的分句前倒后正。如: No sooner had he finished the talk than a man stood up and put forward a question. Hardly had we got to the bus stop when the bus arrived. ③. not until…连接的分句前正后倒。如: Not until Mr. Smith came to China did he know what kind of a country she is. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. ④. neither…nor…连接的分句前后都倒,并且每个分句一般都是部分倒装。