Change the forms of the following sentences. 句型转换。
1. Running is exercise.(对画线部分进行提问) 2. Twenty-four hours make a day.(对画线部分进行提问) 3. Is here any good food?(变为陈述句) 4. I never eat vegetables.(对画线部分进行提问) 5. The melon is here.(对画线部分进行提问)
题型:句型转换 难度:中档
答案
1. What is exercise? 2. How many hours make a day? 3. Here is some good food. 4. How often do you eat vegetables? 5. Where is the melon?
陈述句分类: 陈述句分为肯定句和否定句(全否定和半否定) 简单地说,表达事物的“Yes”这一面的句子就是肯定句,“No”的一面的就叫做否定句。 传统的英语入门都是先学肯定句,然后再学肯定句的反面,亦就是否定句。 一、肯定句: 基本结构为:主+谓 He went to London to pass his holiday.
二、否定句: 1、全否定 用not,no,never,neither,none,nothing等否定。表示“完全不是,完全不”的意思。 Nothing is wrong with me. 2、半否定句 在句子里用否定词hardly,scarcely,little,few,seldom,rarely等。 I hardly see anything in the room.=I can see little in the room. “all/both/every/each/+谓语+not”表示概念为“有的是,有的不是” All of them are not students.=Some of them are students,some are not. 3、宾语从句的否定形式 用在think,believe,suppose引导的宾语从句里则否定主句。 I don't think he'll come.=He will not come in fact,I think. 三、否定句的表达方式 1、使用副词否定词“not” (a)be,have为主要动词 He has not many friend here. (在这里他没有很多朋友。) 解说:“be/have +not”常缩短成一词,尤其是日常谈话更是如此。 “am +not”不是“amn't”,而是“aren't”或“ain't[eint]”, I am very nice to you,aren't I? (我对你很不错,是不是?) 美国人用“ain't”很随便,应该是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他们也会“ain't”一下就带过去,宜注意。 (b)be,have为助动词 He hasn't yet paid the money. (他尚未付钱。) be+ V -ing(进行时),be +P.P.(过去分词)(被动词态),have(has,had)+P.P.(完成时)等的“be,have(has,had)”皆为助动词。 “be going to …”在学校文法中也常被视为助动词。 (c)“助动词+V”时 动词带有助动词“will,shall,can,may,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,had better”等时,将“not”置于助动词与主要动词之间。 You had better not tell her everything. (你最好不要样样事情都告诉她。) 注:“can”的否定形式是“cannot / can't”,不可写成“can not /cann't”。 (d)使用助动词“do”的否定句 一般动词的否定句通常使用助动词“do”,句式如下:do(does,did)+not + V(原形动词) Don't believe him. (不要相信他的话。) 注:“have”表达“有”以外的意义时,其否定句通常使用助动词“do We didn't have (=enjoy) a good time there yesterday. (昨天我们在那里玩得不愉快。) 不过美式英语“have”作“有”的意义使用时也如一般动词使用助动词“do” I don't have brothers. (我没有兄弟。) 2、使用“not”以外的否定词: (a)副词:never,seldom,hardly,little,neither等 She seldom comes to see me. (她不常来看我。) (b)形容词:no,few,little等 He has few friends in Hong Kong. (他在香港几乎没有朋友。) (c)代词:nothing,nobody,none等 I found nobody about computer. (在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。) 注: ①.有些文法书认为“Not +V”为句子否定法,是否定句,而“no +n.或如nothing等”为单词否定法,不宜称为否定句。 He has no breakfast. (他没有早餐可吃。——单词否定,肯定句) ②.否定也可以借用前缀或后缀来表达 They are childless.(=They don't have children.) (他们没有小孩。)
特殊疑问句: 以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。 特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。 常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。 例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?
特殊疑问句的构成: 一、 特殊的疑问词。 特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。 我们学过的疑问词有: what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如: —What is this? 这是什么? —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。 —How much is it? 这个多少钱? —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。 —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影? —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。
二、特殊的语序。 特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如: What time is it? 现在几点钟? Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?
三、特殊的答语。 特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如: — What time is it, please? 请问几点了? — It's 7:30. 七点半了。 — Where are they? 他们在哪儿? —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。 —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么? —English. 英语。
四、 特殊的语调。 一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如: Who's ↘that? How old is↘Jack?
特殊疑问句有两种语序: 1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序: Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖ 2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】 What does she like? What class are you in﹖ Where are you from﹖ What time does he get up every morning﹖ How do you know﹖
就划线部分提问的基本方法: 小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是: 先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词; 然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。 基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句 A、对“物”划线用What。 This is an orange. → What is this? We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk? B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 He is under the tree. → Where is he? Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister? D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。 She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have? I have six books. → How many books do you have? F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。 I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy? G、对“职业”划线用What。 She is a driver. → What is she? My father is a farmer. → What is your father? H、对“星期几”划线用What day。 It's Sunday today. → What day is it today? I、对“时间”划线用What time。 We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning? It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?
考点名称:疑问词组
疑问词组: 由疑问词和一些形容词一起构成的的表示疑问的词组叫做疑问词组。例如: how long:多长时间,多久 how often:多长时间一次 how tall:多高 how many:多少个(对可数名词的数量进行提问时) how much:多少钱,多少个(对不可数名词数量进行提问时) how old:多大(对年龄进行提问时)
关于How的疑问词组: 1.old问年龄、年代。 How old is your friend? 你朋友多大了? How old is the bridge? 这座桥有多少年代了? 2.How many问可数名词数量。常将可数名词复数紧随其后。如: How many pictures are there on the wall? 墙上有多少幅画? How many glasses of milk would you like? 你们想要几杯牛奶? 3.How much询问不可数名词的数量、物品的价格。 How much money is there in the purse? 钱包里有多少钱? How much are the apples at the moment? 目前苹果什么价钱? 4.How long提问物体的长度、时间的长短。 How long is the Changjia River? 长江有多长? How long does it take you to do your homework every day? 你每天花多长时间做作业? 5.How soon 对 “in+一段时间 ”提问, 表示“多久之后”。 How soon will you be back? 你多久后回来? 6.How often对表示频率的副词或短语提问。 How often does Mrs. Green go shopping? 格林夫人多久去购一次物? 7.How about用来征求对方意见。 Your father is a worker, how about your mother? 你父亲是工人,你母亲呢? How about playing games after school this afternoon? 下午放学后做游戏怎么样? 8.How far 问两地间的距离How tall问人(树)的高度; how heavy问重量; how wide问宽度; how high可以询问建筑物、山峰高度。 How far is it from the earth to the moon? 从地球到月球有多远? How tall is Yao Ming? 姚明身高多少? How heavy is that big box? 那只大箱子有多重? How wide is the new street? 这条新街有多宽? How high is the tower in Paris? 巴黎的那座塔有多高?<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />