改错。( ) 1. The library are in front of the school. ________________A BC D ( ) 2. How can I gets to the shoe store? ________________A BCD ( ) 3. The school-六年级英语
[db:作者] 2019-08-19 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
改错。
( ) 1. Thelibraryarein front of the school. ________________ A B C D ( ) 2. Howcan I getsto the shoe store? ________________ A B C D ( ) 3. Theschoolisin the left. ________________ A B C D ( ) 4. Cometoo my homeby bike. ________________ A B C D ( ) 5. They are lookforme. ________________ A B C D
题型:改错题 难度:中档
答案
1. C-is 2. C-get 3. D-on 4. B-to 5. B-looking
据专家权威分析,试题“改错。( ) 1. The library are in front of the school. _____..”主要考查你对 系动词,介词,情态动词,现在进行时,现在分词 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
系动词介词情态动词现在进行时,现在分词
考点名称:系动词
系动词: 亦称连系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 be(是)是最基本的系动词。小学涉及到的系动词需要掌握的am, is, are 如:I am from Beijing. 我来自北京。 My mother is a teacher. 我的妈妈是一位老师。 除了系动词be,常用的系动词还有look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、feel(感觉到)、become(变成)、smell(闻起来)等。 例:The boy looks very happy. 这个男孩看起来很高兴。 The dish smells good. 这盘菜闻起来很香。
be动词的用法: 现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are (缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're), (否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't), 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were (过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't), 过去分词been,现在分词being 英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。 “Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式: am, is, are, been, being, was, were. 在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)
系动词Be(am, is, are )的用法: 一、口诀: 我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它; 单数名词用is,复数名词全用are; 变疑问,往前提,句末问号某丢弃; 变否定,更容易,be后莫忘记; 疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: 1、am和is在一般过去时中变为was; 2、are在一般过去时中变为were 3、带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和am is are一样,即否定句在was或were后加 not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
介词分类: 一、表示地点位置的介词 (1)at, in, on, to, for at 表示在小地方;表示“在……附近,旁边”。 in 表示在大地方;表示“在……范围之内”。 on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。 to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”。 (2)above, over, on 在……上 above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对; over 指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。 例:The bird is flying above my head. 小鸟在我的头上飞。 There is a bridge over the river. 在河上有一座桥。 He put his watch on the desk.他把他的表放在了桌子上。 (3)below, under在……下面 under 表示在……正下方 below 表示在……下,不一定在正下方 例:There is a cat under the table. 桌子底下有一只猫。 Please write your name below the line. 请在横线下写上你的名字。 (4)beside,behind beside 表示在……旁边 behind 表示在……后面
二、表示时间的介词 (1)in,on,at在……时 A、in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。 如:inthe1950s, in1989, insummer, inJanuary, inthemorning等。 B、on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。 如:on May 1st, on Monday, onNew Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。 C、at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。 如:at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of, at the age of, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。 (2)after在……之后 “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后; “after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
三、其它常用介词 (1)about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身. I have bought a book about Shakespearean. 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。 There are about fifteen trees in the picture. 大约有十五棵树在图片里。 (2)across横过,对面,交叉,在……的对面 Can you swim across the river? 你能游过河吗? We live across the street. 我们住在街的对面。 (3)along沿着,顺着. They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。 (4)by 被……,在……的近旁,在……之前,不迟于,以……为手段。 The class room was cleaned by the students. 教室由学生们打扫干净了。 Miss Lucy came to China by air. 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。 (5)for为……,因为……,至于……。 He works for this company. 他为这家公司工作。 She came back to the classroom for she had lef the books in the class room. 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。 (6)from从……,来自……,因为…… Where are you from? 你是哪里人? He diedf rom an accident. 他死于一场事故。 (7)of……的,属于…… This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。 (8)with使用、和……在一起 We write with a pen. 我们用笔写字。 Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗? 注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.
小学常见介词: 1.on (1) 在------上面 The book is on the desk. (2) 在------(哪一天/星期)What do you do on Wednesday? (3) 在------(月、日)My birthday is on August 2nd. 2. in (1)在------里面 The pens are in the pencil-box. (2)在------(哪一年/月)His birthday is in October. He worked here in 1992. (3 ) 在------(地方) He works in Dongguan. (4 ) 在------之内 What are you going to do in 20 years? (5 ) 在------(早上、下午、晚上) I do morning exercises in the morning every day. I usually play basketball in the afternoon. I often do my homework in the evening. 3. under 在------底下 There is a ball under the bed. 4. near 在------附近 There is a book shop near our school. 5. in front of 在------前面 A boy is standing in front of the house. 6. beside 在------旁边 A football is beside the door. 7. next to 紧挨着 There is a bus station next to No. 13 Middle School. 8. over 在------正上方 A bridge is over the river. 9. on the left 在------左边 The bookstore is on the left. 10. on the right 在------右边 The hospital is on the right. 11. before 在……之前 Mike sits before me. 12. after 在------以后 He went home after school. 13. in the middle 在------中间 The road is in the middle. 14. at (1) 在------(小地方) I am at school today. I was at home yesterday. (2) 在------(点钟) I usually go to school at 8:00 am. (3)看一看 Look at the blackboard. (4) 在中午 at noon 15. behind 在------后面 There is a broom behind the door. 16.for (1)给 This present is for you. (2)为了 Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo. (3)作为 We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch. 17.to (1) 到 Take your sport shoes to the P.E class. (2) 致 Happy birthday to you. Give it to your friend. 18. from 来自 I am from China. = I come from China. 19. from --- to 从------到------ Line up from shorter to taller. We have class from Monday to Friday. 20. of ------的 He is a student of Kama School. 21. by (1)在------之前 We must be at home by 6 o’clock. (2)乘------交通工具 People can go to the moon by spaceship. I go to school by bus. 22.with (1) 用 I write a letter with a pen. (2) 和------一起 He went to Shenzhen with his parents. 23. between 在------与------之间 There is a football match between Class One and Class Three. 24. into 到------里 Sharks can dive into the deep cold water. 25. like (1)象------ The twins are like their father. (2)长相------怎样? What’s he like? 26. up 向上 Put up your hands if you have any questions. 27. down 向下 Put down all the books here. 28. about (1) 大约;关于 It’s about 6:00 now. (2) ------怎么样? What about---? How about---? 29. what for 为什么 But what for?
情态动词: 是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。 情态动词后面加动词原形。情态动词词义不完全,不能单独作谓语,只能与动词原形一起构成谓语。 情态动词有四类: ①只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might)…… ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,will ③具有情态动词特征:have(had,has) to,used to,ought to ④情态动词表猜测:一肯一否三不定(must一肯,can not一否,may,might,could,三不定。) 注:mustn't代表强烈禁止 must表示主观,have to表示客观。 常用的有:can may could must have use .(can,may,must,should,need) 例:Kate can swim. 凯特会游泳。 May I borrow your dictionary, Ann? 安,我可以借用你的字典吗? Shall we meet at seven o’clock tomorrow? 我们明天七点见面怎么样?
比较can 和be able to: 1.can/could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。 be able to可以用于各种时态。例如: They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。 2.只用be able to的情况: a.位于助动词后。 b.情态动词后。 c.表示过去某时刻动作时。 d.用于句首表示条件。 e.表示成功地做了某事时,用was/were able to,不能用could。例如: He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。 注意:could有时不表示时态 1.提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。例如: Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗? Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。 2.在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。例如: He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
比较may和might: 1.表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。例如: May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你! He might be at home. 他可能在家。 注意:might 表示推测时,不表示时态,只是可能性比may 小。 2.成语:may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。例如: If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此,我们不妨试一试。
比较have to和must: 1.两词都是“必须”的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。例如: My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事) 2.have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。例如: He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。 3.否定结构中:don't have to表示"不必",mustn't表示"禁止"。例如: You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustn't tell him about it.你不得把这件事告诉他。
比较shall和should: 1).shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? 2).shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 ①. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告) ②. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) ③. He shall be punished.(威胁)
will和would的用法: 1.表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。如: Would you pass me the book? 2.表示意志、愿望和决心。如: I will never do that again. They asked if we would do that again. 3.用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测,主要用于第二、三人称。 前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如: This will be the book you want. He will have arrived by now. The guests would have arrived by that time. I thought you would have finished this by now. 4.will表示习惯、请求,固有性质等。 Everyday he will sit here hour after hour doing nothing.(习惯) Will you help me with my English?(请求) The door won't open. (固有性质) 5.Would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。 Would表过去习惯时比used to正式,并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如: The wound would not heal. During the vacation he would visit me every week。 6.表料想或猜想。如: It would be about ten when he left home. What would she be doing there? I thought he would have told you all about it.
情态动词表示推测的用法: can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测,其用法如下: 1)情态动词+动词原形,表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。例如: I don't know where she is,she may be in Wuhan.我不知道她在哪儿,可能在武汉。
2)情态动词+动词现在进行时,表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。例如: At this moment,our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.这时,想必我们老师正在批改试卷。
3)情态动词+动词完成时,表示对过去情况的推测。例如: The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是湿的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。
4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时,表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。例如: Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。
5)推测的否定形式,疑问形式用can't,couldn't表示。例如: Mike can't have found his car,for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。 注意:could,might表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的程度不如can,may。
考点名称:现在进行时,现在分词
现在进行时: 表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。 现在进行时由“系动词am/ is/ are+动词-ing形式”构成。 例:We are reading the text. 我们正在读课文。 My sister is working in a hospital. 我的妹妹在医院工作。 They are watching TV now. 他们正在看电视。 What are you doing, Li Lei? 你现在正在干什么,李雷?
现在进行时的基本用法: A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you.
B. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作,说话时未必正在进行。 例:Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C.已经确定或安排好的但不确定会不会发生的将来活动。 I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(我下周要去尼泊尔旅行) We're flying to Paris tomorrow.(我们明天乘飞机去巴黎)
一般现在时与现在进行时的区别: 一、准确理解两种时态的主要含义: (一)一般现在时: 1.表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性。 The table ____ soft。(feels) 表特性特征。 Japan ___ in the east of China。 (lives) 表客观事实 2.现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间。 The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯) 3.表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词,如:It doesn’t matter. Does it hurt? (感觉结果) 4.特殊用法: -在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。 -If you go there,I’ll help you. —用在begin,come,go,leave,return,open,close 等短暂谓语动词表规定计划。 The plane takes off at 11:30. (不受主观支配的计划) -在剧本、解说、标题或there(here)开头的句中表进行 There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang. I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布) He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)
(二)现在进行时: 1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作 Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生) 2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。 He usually gets up at 6:00,but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床) 3.现在进行时的特殊意义 -表示主观打算常用于 go,come,leave,start,begin 等,位移、趋向动词。 How long are you staying here (准备停留) -表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell,say,talk,discuss …. You don’t believe it You know I’m telling the truth. -表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌等感情色彩。 He is always making noises in class. (讨厌) -在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。 Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.
二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义 1.持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。 2.短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。 3.短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。 The bus stops. (车停了-事实) The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来) I love the job. (静态事实) I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了) 4.come,go,leave,start,return,move,reach,sail,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。 Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表客观规定计划) The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断) 5.现在进行时带always,continually, constantly, for ever等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。