Answer the questions.看图回答问题.1. I'm singing. I like_____ songs.2. — What's she doing? — She is_____ pictures. 3. I'm reading. I like_____ books-四年级英语
[db:作者] 2019-08-24 00:00:00 互联网
题文
Answer the questions.看图回答问题.
1. I'm singing. I like _____ songs. 2. — What's she doing? — She is _____ pictures. 3. I'm reading. I like _____ books.
题型:填空题 难度:中档
答案
1. to sing 2. drawing 3. to read
据专家权威分析,试题“Answer the questions.看图回答问题.1. I'm singing. I lik..”主要考查你对 动词不定式,现在进行时,现在分词 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
动词不定式现在进行时,现在分词
考点名称:动词不定式
不定式定义: 由to+动词原形构成。不定式是一种非限定性动词。而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。 “动词不定式”由动词+不定式构成。动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。 常见的有:like / love,want,need,ask,help等。 例:I like to play with Tom. 我喜欢和汤姆玩。 I want to play with Tom. 我想和汤姆玩。 I like to eat dumplings. 我喜欢吃饺子。
动词不定式一般结构: 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。如: ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语) ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语) ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语) ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语) 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如: ①When we shall leave… ③…how I could learn… 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有: consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
3在下列情况下,一般要用不定式: ①hate,like,love前有would(should)时, 如:I'd like to have a cup of coffee. ②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时, 如:Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem. ③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时, 如:I soon began to understand what was happening. ④.advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语。如: Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake. Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.
4 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用。 forget,remember,regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生。如: Don't forget to post the letter for me. Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? Remember to close the windows before you leave. I remember writing him a letter a year ago. We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
省to的动词不定式: (1)情态动词( 除ought 外,ought to意思是“应该”,是情态动词,只有一种形式,后边接动词不定式,to不能省略。 ought to没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形可以表示现在、将来或过去将来,由时间状语或上下文决定。例如: They ought to come tomorrow.他们明天应当来): (2)使役动词 let,have,make: (3)感官动词see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补,省略to。 注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 在使役动词中get除外(get sb. to do sth.) I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night. (4)表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather,had better,might(just) as well:rather than置于句首时。 Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike. (5)Why… / why not…: (6)help 可带to,也可不带to,help sb (to) do sth: (7)but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。 (8)由and,or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去: (9)通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后,可以省去to be: He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。 (10)but作介词,后接不定式结构时,前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式时,but后的不定式要省去to,否则要带to。 He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. (11)当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and,but或or连接时,后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时,则不能省略。 He wants to move to France and marry the girl. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more difficult. (12)不定式做表语时,一般要带to,但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时,符号to可省去。 We've missed the last bus.All we could do now is walk home.
考点名称:现在进行时,现在分词
现在进行时: 表示动作发生的时间是“现在”,动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。 现在进行时由“系动词am/ is/ are+动词-ing形式”构成。 例:We are reading the text. 我们正在读课文。 My sister is working in a hospital. 我的妹妹在医院工作。 They are watching TV now. 他们正在看电视。 What are you doing, Li Lei? 你现在正在干什么,李雷?
现在进行时的基本用法: A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you.
B. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作,说话时未必正在进行。 例:Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
C.已经确定或安排好的但不确定会不会发生的将来活动。 I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(我下周要去尼泊尔旅行) We're flying to Paris tomorrow.(我们明天乘飞机去巴黎)
一般现在时与现在进行时的区别: 一、准确理解两种时态的主要含义: (一)一般现在时: 1.表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性。 The table ____ soft。(feels) 表特性特征。 Japan ___ in the east of China。 (lives) 表客观事实 2.现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间。 The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯) 3.表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词,如:It doesn’t matter. Does it hurt? (感觉结果) 4.特殊用法: -在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。 -If you go there,I’ll help you. —用在begin,come,go,leave,return,open,close 等短暂谓语动词表规定计划。 The plane takes off at 11:30. (不受主观支配的计划) -在剧本、解说、标题或there(here)开头的句中表进行 There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang. I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布) He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)
(二)现在进行时: 1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作 Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生) 2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。 He usually gets up at 6:00,but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床) 3.现在进行时的特殊意义 -表示主观打算常用于 go,come,leave,start,begin 等,位移、趋向动词。 How long are you staying here (准备停留) -表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell,say,talk,discuss …. You don’t believe it You know I’m telling the truth. -表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌等感情色彩。 He is always making noises in class. (讨厌) -在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。 Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.
二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义 1.持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。 2.短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。 3.短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。 The bus stops. (车停了-事实) The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来) I love the job. (静态事实) I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了) 4.come,go,leave,start,return,move,reach,sail,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。 Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表客观规定计划) The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断) 5.现在进行时带always,continually, constantly, for ever等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。