对事物作出肯定判断的句子叫肯定句。 对事物作出否定判断的句子叫否定句。 结构:主语+谓语+其他 例:Tom played football yesterday afternoon. 汤姆昨天下午打篮球了。 This is my bedroom. 这是我的卧室。
肯定句分类: A、使用“是”字句,也叫判断句。 B、使用一般的肯定句式。
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换: 1、有am, is, are的句子, 就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句) This is a book. 第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book? 第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ? 第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this?
3、划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。 非单三时用do,单三时用does 非单三: 肯定句:I like English. 一般疑问句:Do you like English? 否定句:I do not like English. 单三 : 肯定句:He likes English. 一般疑问句:Does he like English? 否定句:He does not like English. 就划线部分提问: I like English. 第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English? 第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what? 第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What do you like?
4、特殊: ①some变为any。如: There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如: Would you like some orange juice? 与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。 ②and变为or。如: I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler. ③a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如: They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词) →There isn't much orange in the bottle. ④already变为yet。如: I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.
肯定句的组织结构: 主系表:eg:I'm a girl. 主谓宾:She write a leter to him. 1.主语+系动词(be)+表语 2.主语+call +宾语+宾语补足语 3.主语+name +宾语+宾语补足语 4.主语+is called +宾语补足语 5.主语+is named +宾语 6.主语+regard +宾语+as +宾语被足语 7.主语+be +no (none)+other than (but)+表语 8.主语+be +nothing +else but (but,else than,less than)+表语 9.It is (was)+强调部分+that (who)+从句 10.主语+感觉动词+表语 11.主句+as if (as though)+从句 12.主语+be +said to be (so-called)+表语 13.主语+be,it is said,+表语 14.So far from being +表语,主语+谓语+其它 15.主语+be +more +表语+than +表语 16.主语+be +less +表语+than +表语 17.主语+be +表语+rather than +表语 18.主语+be +not so much +表语+as 表语 19.主语+be +either +表语+or +表语 20.Either +主语+or +主语+be +表语
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。 比较级的句子结构通常是: 什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,意为:“比……更……”。 如: I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容词的比较级变化规则: 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,规则形容词的比较级变化规则是: ① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer , ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier ④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner , hot – hotter 下表举例列举一些形容词的原级和比较级。