否定句： 表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。 否定句的构成形式： a. 谓语为be动词时，“be+not "一名学生。 b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时，“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 例：I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。 c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时，“情态动词+not”构成否定。 例：You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。
否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类： （1）一般否定句 I don't know this. No news is good news. There is no person（smoking）/not a person/not any person（smoking）in the house. （2）特指否定 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right. （3）部分否定 All the answers are not right All is not gold that glitters I don't know all of them. I can't see everybody/everything. Both of them are not right. （4）全体否定 None of my friends smoke. I can see nothing/nobody. Neither of them is right. Nothing can be so simple as this. （5）延续否定 You didn't see him, neither/nor did I. You don't know, I don't know either. He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of（更不用说）French. （6）半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people. （7）双重否定 You can't make something out of nothing. What's done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains. I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but（that）he can learn. （8）排除否定 Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but play. But for your help, I couldn't do it. （9）加强否定 I won't do it at all. I can't see it any more. He is no longer a boy.
否定转移的形式与用法： 一、动词的否定转移 1.形式上否定主句的谓语，实际上是否定从句的谓语 当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称，谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时，它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。 表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如： I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。 I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。 I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。
2. 形式上否定谓语动词，实际上否定复合宾语 当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主语是第一人称，谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时，它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如： I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。 I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。 I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。
二、动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情况下，否定不转移： 1.这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时，否定不转移。如： I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。 I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。
2.用于疑问句时，否定不转移。如： Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗？ Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事？
3.用作插入语时，否定不转移。如： Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。 Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。 Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。
4.动词前有其他副词修饰时，否定不转移。如： I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。 I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。
5.动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时，否定不转移。 I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。 She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。 He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。 He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。
6.当宾语从句中含的否定为“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配时，否定不转移。如： I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。 I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好，那么只记单词是不够的。 I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。
7.当宾语从句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定词或半否词时，否定不转移。如： I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。 I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话，那么谁也逃不掉。 I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。
