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找出下面各组中不同类的句子。( ) 1.A. What's your favourite food? B. Did he have breakfast in the morning? C. Do you like playing basketball? D. Does Dan-六年级英语

[db:作者]  2019-08-31 00:00:00  零零社区

题文

找出下面各组中不同类的句子。
(     ) 1. A. What's your favourite food?
             B. Did he have breakfast in the morning?
             C. Do you like playing basketball?
             D. Does Danny always eat breakfast?
(     ) 2. A. What are you going to do tomorrow?
             B. When does the plane leave?
             C. Can you play basketball?
             D. How often do you eat peas?
(      ) 3. A. I don't like onions.
             B. You can't pick up the flowers.
              C. The flower isn't healthy.
              D. I like to swim in summer.
(      ) 4. A. It's cold and snowy in winter.
              B. I like to watch the birds fly in the sky.
              C. What's under the tree?
              D. Li Ming is leaving for China.
(      ) 5. A. Are you going to swim tomorrow?
              B. How much are the socks?
              C. Can you name these foods?
              D. Do you remember playing basketball with Danny?
题型:单选题  难度:中档

答案

1. A  2. C  3. D  4. C  5. B

据专家权威分析,试题“找出下面各组中不同类的句子。( ) 1.A. What's your favourit..”主要考查你对  一般疑问句,否定句,陈述句,特殊疑问句  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:

一般疑问句否定句陈述句特殊疑问句

考点名称:一般疑问句

  • 一般疑问句:
    是疑问句的一种。它是以be动词,have或助动词、情态动词开头,用yes(是)或no(否)来回答的句子。
    其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分
    一般疑问句的肯定形式为:
    助动词+主语(+实义动词)。肯定答语用“yes+可定结构”。 
    一般疑问句的否定形式为:
    助动词构成的缩写否定词+主语(+实义动词)。否定答语用“no+否定结构”。
    例:
    — Do you like this story-book? 你喜欢这本故事书吗? 
    — Yes, I do. 喜欢。/ No, I don’t. 不喜欢。 
    — Is he a student? 他是一名学生吗?
    — Yes, he is. 是,他是。/ No, he isn’t. 不,他不是。

  • 一般疑问句的改写:
    一、含有be动词的一般疑问句,通常把be动词调到句首。例如:
    陈述句:They are in the swimming pool.
    一般疑问句:Are they in the swimming pool?
    注意:一般疑问句句末要用“?”。

    二、含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can, may...),把情态动词调到句首。例如:
    陈述句:He can drive a car.
    一般疑问句: Can he drive a car?

    三、含有have的一般疑问句,have译为“有”。一般疑问句式有两种形式:
    1.把have/has调到句首。例如:
    陈述句:Tommy has a computer.
    一般疑问句:Has Tommy/he a computer?
    2.加助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其他人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does + 主语 + have...?
    例如上句可变为: Does Tommy have a computer?

    四、一般动词的一般疑问句,也要借助助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其余人称用do。
    其句型为:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形+其它?
    陈述句:Amy speaks English.
    一般疑问句:Does Amy speak English?

    一般疑问句的回答:
    首先要有人称的改变。当主语为名词时,在答语中要改成其相应的代词。
    另外,答语有两种,肯定的回答(用yes)和否定的回答(用no),否定式常用缩写形式。
    现在还是让我们分句型一一说明。

    一、一般疑问句含be动词时,用be动词回答,句末用句号。例如:
    -Is Mary your sister?
    -Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.(缩写)

    二、一般疑问句含有情态动词(can, may, should等)时,用情态动词回答。例如:
    -May I come in?
    -Yes, you may. / No, you can’t.

    三、一般疑问句含有have(译为“有”)时,有两种回答方式。
    1.直接用have/has回答。
    例如:
    -Have they any pictures?
    -Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
    2.用助动词do/does回答。
    例如:
    -Does Millie smoke?
    -Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.

    四、一般动词的一般疑问句回答时也用助动词。
    例如:
    -Do the workers live in London?
    -Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

考点名称:否定句

  • 否定句:
    表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。
    否定句的构成形式:
    a. 谓语为be动词时,“be+not "一名学生。
    b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时,“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 
    例:I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 
          He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。
    c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时,“情态动词+not”构成否定。 
    例:You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 
           I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。

  • 否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类:
    (1)一般否定句
    I don't know this. No news is good news.
    There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.
    (2)特指否定
    He went to his office, not to see him.
    I am sorry for not coming on time.
    I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
    (3)部分否定
    All the answers are not right
    All is not gold that glitters
    I don't know all of them.
    I can't see everybody/everything.
    Both of them are not right.
    (4)全体否定
    None of my friends smoke.
    I can see nothing/nobody.
    Neither of them is right.
    Nothing can be so simple as this.
    (5)延续否定
    You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
    You don't know, I don't know either.
    He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用说)French.
    (6)半否定句
    We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
    I know little English. I saw few people.
    (7)双重否定
    You can't make something out of nothing.
    What's done cannot be undone.
    There is no sweet without sweat.
    No gain without pains.
    I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
    No man is so old but(that)he can learn.
    (8)排除否定
    Everyone is ready except you.
    He did nothing but play.
    But for your help, I couldn't do it.
    (9)加强否定
    I won't do it at all.
    I can't see it any more.
    He is no longer a boy.

  • 否定转移的形式与用法:
    一、动词的否定转移
    1.形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语
    当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。
    表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
    I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。
    I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。
    I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。

    2. 形式上否定谓语动词,实际上否定复合宾语
    当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
    I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。
    I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。
    I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。

    二、动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情况下,否定不转移:
    1.这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如:
    I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。
    I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。

    2.用于疑问句时,否定不转移。如:
    Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗?
    Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事?

    3.用作插入语时,否定不转移。如:
    Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。
    Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。
    Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。

    4.动词前有其他副词修饰时,否定不转移。如:
    I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。
    I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。

    5.动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。
    I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。
    She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。
    He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。
    He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。

    6.当宾语从句中含的否定为“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如:
    I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。
    I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。
    I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。

    7.当宾语从句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定词或半否词时,否定不转移。如:
    I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。
    I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话,那么谁也逃不掉。
    I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。

考点名称:陈述句

  • 陈述句:
    是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。
    陈述句中动词位置:
    陈述句是用来描述一个事实。日常生活中使用的大部分句子都是陈述句。
    在陈述句中动词在第二位。第一位可以是主语,也可以是状语,还可以是宾语。而不管句子怎么变,动词(或者助动词)总是在第二位。
    主语的位置则总是在动词的两边,要么在第一位,要么在第三位。
    当出现助动词或情态动词时,助动词或情态动词在第二位,行为动词在最后一位。

  • 陈述句分类:
    陈述句分为肯定句和否定句(全否定和半否定)
    简单地说,表达事物的“Yes”这一面的句子就是肯定句,“No”的一面的就叫做否定句。
    传统的英语入门都是先学肯定句,然后再学肯定句的反面,亦就是否定句。
    一、肯定句:
    基本结构为:主+谓
    He went to London to pass his holiday.

    二、否定句:
    1、全否定
    用not,no,never,neither,none,nothing等否定。表示“完全不是,完全不”的意思。
    Nothing is wrong with me.
    2、半否定句
    在句子里用否定词hardly,scarcely,little,few,seldom,rarely等。
    I hardly see anything in the room.=I can see little in the room.
    “all/both/every/each/+谓语+not”表示概念为“有的是,有的不是”
    All of them are not students.=Some of them are students,some are not.
    3、宾语从句的否定形式
    用在think,believe,suppose引导的宾语从句里则否定主句。
    I don't think he'll come.=He will not come in fact,I think.
    三、否定句的表达方式
    1、使用副词否定词“not”
    (a)be,have为主要动词
    He has not many friend here. (在这里他没有很多朋友。)
    解说:“be/have +not”常缩短成一词,尤其是日常谈话更是如此。
    “am +not”不是“amn't”,而是“aren't”或“ain't[eint]”,
    I am very nice to you,aren't I? (我对你很不错,是不是?)
    美国人用“ain't”很随便,应该是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他们也会“ain't”一下就带过去,宜注意。
    (b)be,have为助动词
    He hasn't yet paid the money. (他尚未付钱。)
    be+ V -ing(进行时),be +P.P.(过去分词)(被动词态),have(has,had)+P.P.(完成时)等的“be,have(has,had)”皆为助动词。
    “be going to …”在学校文法中也常被视为助动词。
    (c)“助动词+V”时
    动词带有助动词“will,shall,can,may,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,had better”等时,将“not”置于助动词与主要动词之间。
    You had better not tell her everything. (你最好不要样样事情都告诉她。)
    注:“can”的否定形式是“cannot / can't”,不可写成“can not /cann't”。
    (d)使用助动词“do”的否定句
    一般动词的否定句通常使用助动词“do”,句式如下:do(does,did)+not + V(原形动词)
    Don't believe him. (不要相信他的话。)
    注:“have”表达“有”以外的意义时,其否定句通常使用助动词“do
    We didn't have (=enjoy) a good time there yesterday. (昨天我们在那里玩得不愉快。)
    不过美式英语“have”作“有”的意义使用时也如一般动词使用助动词“do”
    I don't have brothers. (我没有兄弟。)
    2、使用“not”以外的否定词:
    (a)副词:never,seldom,hardly,little,neither等
    She seldom comes to see me. (她不常来看我。)
    (b)形容词:no,few,little等
    He has few friends in Hong Kong. (他在香港几乎没有朋友。)
    (c)代词:nothing,nobody,none等
    I found nobody about computer. (在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。)
    注:
    ①.有些文法书认为“Not +V”为句子否定法,是否定句,而“no +n.或如nothing等”为单词否定法,不宜称为否定句。
    He has no breakfast. (他没有早餐可吃。——单词否定,肯定句)
    ②.否定也可以借用前缀或后缀来表达
    They are childless.(=They don't have children.) (他们没有小孩。)

  • 句式互换:
    1.陈述句变反问句:
    原句+疑问词(怎能;难道)+不+语气词(呢?;吗?)-句号+问号
    2.反问句变陈述句:
    原句-疑问词(怎能;难道)-不-语气词(呢?;吗?)-问号+句号
    3.反问句变陈述句:
    去掉问号,有加强反问的语气词去掉,在变换后的陈述句中适当的地方必须加一个否定词,才与原反问句意思一致。
    比如:“难道他承认人的正确思想是从天上掉下来的吗?”变换陈述句:“他不承认人的正确思想是从天上掉下来的。”
    若变换为“他承认人的正确思想不是从天上掉下来的。”就与原反问句的意思不一致了,答案就是错的,因为否定词“不”放的位置不当。
    同样,肯定句变反问句,在变换后的反问句中,必须在适当的地方加一个否定词,才与原句意思一致。
    比如:“你应该去看他。”变为:“难道你不应该去看他吗?”
    4.否定句变反问句:
    去掉句中否定词或在变换后的反问句中再放上一个否定词,才与原句意思相符。
    比如:“他不应该看她。”变为“难道他应该去看她吗?”或“难道他不应该不去看她吗?”
    由此可见:反问句的问号,起了一个否定词的作用。反问句是对一个肯定内容或否定内容的否定。

考点名称:特殊疑问句

  • 特殊疑问句:
    以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
    常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
    特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。
    常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。
    例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? 
        Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? 
        Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? 
        Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?

  • 特殊疑问句的构成:
    一、 特殊的疑问词。
    特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。
    我们学过的疑问词有:
    what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如:
    —What is this? 这是什么?
    —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。
    —How much is it? 这个多少钱?
    —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。
    —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影?
    —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。

    二、特殊的语序。
    特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如:
    What time is it? 现在几点钟?
    Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?

    三、特殊的答语。
    特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如:
    — What time is it, please? 请问几点了?
    — It's 7:30. 七点半了。
    — Where are they? 他们在哪儿?
    —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
    —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么?
    —English. 英语。

    四、 特殊的语调。
    一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如:
    Who's ↘that?
    How old is↘Jack?

    特殊疑问句有两种语序:
    1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
    Who is singing in the room﹖
    whose bike is broken﹖
    2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:
    特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】
    What does she like?
    What class are you in﹖
    Where are you from﹖
    What time does he get up every morning﹖
    How do you know﹖

  • 就划线部分提问的基本方法:
    小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是:
    先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词;
    然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。
    基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句
    A、对“物”划线用What。 
      This is an orange. → What is this?
      We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk?
    B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 
      He is under the tree. → Where is he? 
      Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? 
    C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 
      Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? 
      My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister?
    D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 
      Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? 
    E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。
      She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have?
      I have six books. → How many books do you have?
    F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。
     I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy?
    G、对“职业”划线用What。 
      She is a driver. → What is she?
      My father is a farmer. → What is your father?
    H、对“星期几”划线用What day。
     It's Sunday today. → What day is it today?
    I、对“时间”划线用What time。
     We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning?
      It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?



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