找出下面各组中不同类的句子。( ) 1.A. What's your favourite food? B. Did he have breakfast in the morning? C. Do you like playing basketball? D. Does Dan-六年级英语
[db:作者] 2019-08-31 00:00:00 零零社区
题文
找出下面各组中不同类的句子。
( ) 1. A. What's your favourite food? B. Did he have breakfast in the morning? C. Do you like playing basketball? D. Does Danny always eat breakfast? ( ) 2. A. What are you going to do tomorrow? B. When does the plane leave? C. Can you play basketball? D. How often do you eat peas? ( ) 3. A. I don't like onions. B. You can't pick up the flowers. C. The flower isn't healthy. D. I like to swim in summer. ( ) 4. A. It's cold and snowy in winter. B. I like to watch the birds fly in the sky. C. What's under the tree? D. Li Ming is leaving for China. ( ) 5. A. Are you going to swim tomorrow? B. How much are the socks? C. Can you name these foods? D. Do you remember playing basketball with Danny?
题型:单选题 难度:中档
答案
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B
据专家权威分析,试题“找出下面各组中不同类的句子。( ) 1.A. What's your favourit..”主要考查你对 一般疑问句,否定句,陈述句,特殊疑问句 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
一般疑问句否定句陈述句特殊疑问句
考点名称:一般疑问句
一般疑问句: 是疑问句的一种。它是以be动词,have或助动词、情态动词开头,用yes(是)或no(否)来回答的句子。 其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分 一般疑问句的肯定形式为: 助动词+主语(+实义动词)。肯定答语用“yes+可定结构”。 一般疑问句的否定形式为: 助动词构成的缩写否定词+主语(+实义动词)。否定答语用“no+否定结构”。 例: — Do you like this story-book? 你喜欢这本故事书吗? — Yes, I do. 喜欢。/ No, I don’t. 不喜欢。 — Is he a student? 他是一名学生吗? — Yes, he is. 是,他是。/ No, he isn’t. 不,他不是。
一般疑问句的改写: 一、含有be动词的一般疑问句,通常把be动词调到句首。例如: 陈述句:They are in the swimming pool. 一般疑问句:Are they in the swimming pool? 注意:一般疑问句句末要用“?”。
二、含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can, may...),把情态动词调到句首。例如: 陈述句:He can drive a car. 一般疑问句: Can he drive a car?
三、含有have的一般疑问句,have译为“有”。一般疑问句式有两种形式: 1.把have/has调到句首。例如: 陈述句:Tommy has a computer. 一般疑问句:Has Tommy/he a computer? 2.加助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其他人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does + 主语 + have...? 例如上句可变为: Does Tommy have a computer?
一、一般疑问句含be动词时,用be动词回答,句末用句号。例如: -Is Mary your sister? -Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.(缩写)
二、一般疑问句含有情态动词(can, may, should等)时,用情态动词回答。例如: -May I come in? -Yes, you may. / No, you can’t.
三、一般疑问句含有have(译为“有”)时,有两种回答方式。 1.直接用have/has回答。 例如: -Have they any pictures? -Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 2.用助动词do/does回答。 例如: -Does Millie smoke? -Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
四、一般动词的一般疑问句回答时也用助动词。 例如: -Do the workers live in London? -Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
考点名称:否定句
否定句: 表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。 否定句的构成形式: a. 谓语为be动词时,“be+not "一名学生。 b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时,“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 例:I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。 c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时,“情态动词+not”构成否定。 例:You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。
否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类: (1)一般否定句 I don't know this. No news is good news. There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house. (2)特指否定 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right. (3)部分否定 All the answers are not right All is not gold that glitters I don't know all of them. I can't see everybody/everything. Both of them are not right. (4)全体否定 None of my friends smoke. I can see nothing/nobody. Neither of them is right. Nothing can be so simple as this. (5)延续否定 You didn't see him, neither/nor did I. You don't know, I don't know either. He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用说)French. (6)半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people. (7)双重否定 You can't make something out of nothing. What's done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains. I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but(that)he can learn. (8)排除否定 Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but play. But for your help, I couldn't do it. (9)加强否定 I won't do it at all. I can't see it any more. He is no longer a boy.
否定转移的形式与用法: 一、动词的否定转移 1.形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语 当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。 表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如: I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。 I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。 I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。
2. 形式上否定谓语动词,实际上否定复合宾语 当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如: I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。 I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。 I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。
二、动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情况下,否定不转移: 1.这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如: I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。 I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。
2.用于疑问句时,否定不转移。如: Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗? Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事?
3.用作插入语时,否定不转移。如: Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。 Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。 Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。
4.动词前有其他副词修饰时,否定不转移。如: I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。 I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。
5.动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。 I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。 She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。 He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。 He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。
6.当宾语从句中含的否定为“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如: I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。 I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。 I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。
7.当宾语从句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定词或半否词时,否定不转移。如: I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。 I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话,那么谁也逃不掉。 I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。
陈述句分类: 陈述句分为肯定句和否定句(全否定和半否定) 简单地说,表达事物的“Yes”这一面的句子就是肯定句,“No”的一面的就叫做否定句。 传统的英语入门都是先学肯定句,然后再学肯定句的反面,亦就是否定句。 一、肯定句: 基本结构为:主+谓 He went to London to pass his holiday.
二、否定句: 1、全否定 用not,no,never,neither,none,nothing等否定。表示“完全不是,完全不”的意思。 Nothing is wrong with me. 2、半否定句 在句子里用否定词hardly,scarcely,little,few,seldom,rarely等。 I hardly see anything in the room.=I can see little in the room. “all/both/every/each/+谓语+not”表示概念为“有的是,有的不是” All of them are not students.=Some of them are students,some are not. 3、宾语从句的否定形式 用在think,believe,suppose引导的宾语从句里则否定主句。 I don't think he'll come.=He will not come in fact,I think. 三、否定句的表达方式 1、使用副词否定词“not” (a)be,have为主要动词 He has not many friend here. (在这里他没有很多朋友。) 解说:“be/have +not”常缩短成一词,尤其是日常谈话更是如此。 “am +not”不是“amn't”,而是“aren't”或“ain't[eint]”, I am very nice to you,aren't I? (我对你很不错,是不是?) 美国人用“ain't”很随便,应该是“are not,is not,have not,has not”的地方,他们也会“ain't”一下就带过去,宜注意。 (b)be,have为助动词 He hasn't yet paid the money. (他尚未付钱。) be+ V -ing(进行时),be +P.P.(过去分词)(被动词态),have(has,had)+P.P.(完成时)等的“be,have(has,had)”皆为助动词。 “be going to …”在学校文法中也常被视为助动词。 (c)“助动词+V”时 动词带有助动词“will,shall,can,may,must,need,dare,ought to,used to,had better”等时,将“not”置于助动词与主要动词之间。 You had better not tell her everything. (你最好不要样样事情都告诉她。) 注:“can”的否定形式是“cannot / can't”,不可写成“can not /cann't”。 (d)使用助动词“do”的否定句 一般动词的否定句通常使用助动词“do”,句式如下:do(does,did)+not + V(原形动词) Don't believe him. (不要相信他的话。) 注:“have”表达“有”以外的意义时,其否定句通常使用助动词“do We didn't have (=enjoy) a good time there yesterday. (昨天我们在那里玩得不愉快。) 不过美式英语“have”作“有”的意义使用时也如一般动词使用助动词“do” I don't have brothers. (我没有兄弟。) 2、使用“not”以外的否定词: (a)副词:never,seldom,hardly,little,neither等 She seldom comes to see me. (她不常来看我。) (b)形容词:no,few,little等 He has few friends in Hong Kong. (他在香港几乎没有朋友。) (c)代词:nothing,nobody,none等 I found nobody about computer. (在那栋房子里我没看到任何人。) 注: ①.有些文法书认为“Not +V”为句子否定法,是否定句,而“no +n.或如nothing等”为单词否定法,不宜称为否定句。 He has no breakfast. (他没有早餐可吃。——单词否定,肯定句) ②.否定也可以借用前缀或后缀来表达 They are childless.(=They don't have children.) (他们没有小孩。)
特殊疑问句: 以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。 特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。 常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。 例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?
特殊疑问句的构成: 一、 特殊的疑问词。 特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。 我们学过的疑问词有: what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如: —What is this? 这是什么? —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。 —How much is it? 这个多少钱? —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。 —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影? —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。
二、特殊的语序。 特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如: What time is it? 现在几点钟? Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?
三、特殊的答语。 特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如: — What time is it, please? 请问几点了? — It's 7:30. 七点半了。 — Where are they? 他们在哪儿? —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。 —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么? —English. 英语。
四、 特殊的语调。 一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如: Who's ↘that? How old is↘Jack?
特殊疑问句有两种语序: 1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序: Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖ 2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】 What does she like? What class are you in﹖ Where are you from﹖ What time does he get up every morning﹖ How do you know﹖
就划线部分提问的基本方法: 小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是: 先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词; 然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。 基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句 A、对“物”划线用What。 This is an orange. → What is this? We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk? B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 He is under the tree. → Where is he? Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister? D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。 She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have? I have six books. → How many books do you have? F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。 I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy? G、对“职业”划线用What。 She is a driver. → What is she? My father is a farmer. → What is your father? H、对“星期几”划线用What day。 It's Sunday today. → What day is it today? I、对“时间”划线用What time。 We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning? It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?