1.There is some tea in the cup.(变为否定句) 2.The game is over.(变为一般将来时) 3.My airplane leaves at 4:00.(对划线部分提问) 4. I will remember China.(同义句转换) 5.They will go there by bus.(对划线部分提问)
题型:句型转换 难度:中档
答案
l. There isn't any tea in the cup. 2. The game will be over. 3. What time does your airplane leave? 4. I am going to remember China. 5. How will they go there?
据专家权威分析,试题“句型转换。1.Thereissometeainthecup.(变为否定句) 2.Thegameis..”主要考查你对 there be 句型,一般将来时,助动词,特殊疑问句 等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
there be 句型一般将来时助动词特殊疑问句
考点名称:there be 句型
There be句型: 是英语中常用句型,意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”。 There在此结构中是引导词,已经没有副词“那里”的含义。 There be后面的名词是句子的主语,属倒装结构。常用“There + be+名词+地点/时间状语”的结构。
There be结构的用法: A、肯定结构: There be句型的肯定结构表示“某处存在某物或某人”或“某时发生某事”。 a. There is+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点/时间状语。 例:There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。 There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有些水。 b. There are +复数名词+地点/时间状语。 例:There are some apples in the basket. 篮子里有一些苹果。 B、否定结构:There be句型的否定结构是在谓语动词be的后面加“not (any)”或“no”. 例:There are no tables in the room. 或者There are not any tables in the room. 房间里没有桌子。 C、疑问结构:There be句型变成疑问式时,要把there和谓语动词be的位置互换。 例:Is there a pen in the schoolbag? 书包里有一支笔吗?
Therebe结构和have的区别与联系: 1.区别点: there be 意为存在,强调某地有某物,不表示所属关系; have 表示所有关系, 强调某人或某地有某物,这是其基本用法。如: There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。 Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
2.相同点: 在表示结构上的含有时,既可以用there be 句型,也可以用have(has) 来表示。如: 中国有许多长河。 There are many long rivers in China. China has many long rivers. 三月份有多少天? How many days are there in March? How many days has March?
There be结构中的be动词的确定: A、there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。 例:There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。 B、若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。 例:There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
There be结构的句型转换: A、否定句: there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。 例: There are some children in the picture. There aren't any children in the picture. B、一般疑问句及其答语: 把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。 例: — Are there two cats in the tree? — Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.) C、特殊疑问句及其回答 a. 提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用“what is+地点介词短语?”(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。 例:There are some birds in the tree. → What's in the tree? b. 就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用“where is/ are+主语?” 例:There is a car in the street. → Where is the car? c. 提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为“how many+ 复数名词+are there+其它)”(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。 例:There are three books on the desk. → How many books are there on the desk?
考点名称:一般将来时
一般将来时: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。 由“助动词will+动词原形”构成。“be going to+动词原形”结构是将来时的另一种形式,表示将要发生的事或者事先经过考虑打算去做某事。 例:We will go to Shanghai next year. 明年我们要去上海。 We are going to have a football match tomorrow. 我们明天要举行一场足球比赛。 Tom is going to have a bath. 汤姆要去洗澡了。
一般将来时常见结构: 1、will / shall + 动词原形(否定句在will/shall后加not) will 常简略为 'll,并与主语连写在一起,如: I'll,she'll,he'll,it'll,we'll,you'll,they'll。 一般疑问句如用will you…?其简略答语须是Yes,I will或 No,I won't;如用 Shall I…?(较少见)其简略答语须是 Yes,I shall.或 No, I shall not. 这种方法一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称;shall只用于第一人称。 例如 : I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我将去拜访他。 What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我们几点去那儿? 2、be going to 动词原形 be going to 相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数的变化),与它后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。用来表示近期将要发生的动作以及计划、安排和打算要做的事。例如: There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午将有一场足球赛。 I‘m going to go to the park. 我将要去公园。
常用结构: 1、用于"I expect, I'm sure, I think, I wonder宾语从句"中。 Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass. 不要担心这次考试,我确信你会通过的。 2、用于祈使句和陈述句中。 Work hard and you will succeed. 如果你努力,就会成功的。 3、与表示时间或条件的状语从句连用。 I'll let you know as soon as he arrives. 他一到我就通知你。
be going to与will的区别: be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别: 1. be going to 表示近期、将要发生的事情,will 表示的将来的时间则较远一些,如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如: If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you 注意 be going to和will在含义和用法上稍有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算;will多表示意愿,决心。两者有时不能互换。如: She is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.她正努力学习并尝试参加考试。(is going to不能用will替换)
一般将来时一般用法: (1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。 例如:I will(shall) arrive tomorrow.我明天到。(主语是第一人称时最好用shall) Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗? We won’t (shan’t) be busy this evening. 我们今晚不忙。 (2)在一般将来时的句子中,有时有表示将来时间的状语,有时没有时间状语,这时要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。例如: Will she come? 她(会)来吗? (3)在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中,一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见,或是询问一个情况(b): a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头? b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow?明天我们有课吗? 在这类问句中,近几年来也有不少人用will,特别是在美国。例如: How will I get there? 我怎么去? (4)be going to+ 动词原形 a.表示计划、打算、准备做的事。例如: We are going to put up a building here.我们打算在这里盖一座楼。 How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过? b.表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如: I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。
常用时间状语: 1)tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening 2)next year/week/month/hour/day/century 3)in+一段时间 4)in the future 5)this afternoon/Sunday/evening 6)from now on 7)one day,someday (未来的)某天 8)soon
小学涉及到的助动词主要是do,以及它的两种时态:does和did。 例:Does he work in the factory? 他是在这个工厂工作吗? Do you have a pen? 你有一支钢笔吗? He didn’t go to school yesterday. 他昨天没有去上学。 助动词do 的用法: 1)构成一般疑问句,例如: Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗? Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗? 2) do + not 构成否定句,例如: I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。 3)构成否定祈使句,例如: Don't go there. 不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。 说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。 4)放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如: Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。 I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。 I do miss you. 我确实想你。 5) 用于倒装句,例如: Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。 Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。 说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。 6)用作代动词,例如: ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗? ---- Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.) He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何开车,对吧?
基本助动词: be, do, have, 他们没有词汇意义,只有语法作用,如协助构成进行体,完成体,被动态,否定句,疑问句等。 例如 He is giving a lecture. 他在作报告 He has made a plan. 他已经订了计划 The small animals are kept in the cages. 小动物都关在笼子里。
助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用: a. 表示时态,例如: He is singing. 他在唱歌。 He has got married. 他已结婚。 b. 表示语态,例如: He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. 构成疑问句,例如: Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗? Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗? d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如: I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。 e. 加强语气,例如: Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。 He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
考点名称:特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句: 以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。 特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。 常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。 例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?
特殊疑问句的构成: 一、 特殊的疑问词。 特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。 我们学过的疑问词有: what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如: —What is this? 这是什么? —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。 —How much is it? 这个多少钱? —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。 —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影? —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。
二、特殊的语序。 特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如: What time is it? 现在几点钟? Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?
三、特殊的答语。 特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如: — What time is it, please? 请问几点了? — It's 7:30. 七点半了。 — Where are they? 他们在哪儿? —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。 —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么? —English. 英语。
四、 特殊的语调。 一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如: Who's ↘that? How old is↘Jack?
特殊疑问句有两种语序: 1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序: Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖ 2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】 What does she like? What class are you in﹖ Where are you from﹖ What time does he get up every morning﹖ How do you know﹖
就划线部分提问的基本方法: 小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是: 先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词; 然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。 基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句 A、对“物”划线用What。 This is an orange. → What is this? We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk? B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 He is under the tree. → Where is he? Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister? D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。 She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have? I have six books. → How many books do you have? F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。 I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy? G、对“职业”划线用What。 She is a driver. → What is she? My father is a farmer. → What is your father? H、对“星期几”划线用What day。 It's Sunday today. → What day is it today? I、对“时间”划线用What time。 We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning? It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?