题文

Penguins are lovely animals. Most people like them. But now as many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins are in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins has decreased by ( 减少了) 30% since 1987. Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in the Antarctic Continent (南极大陆) ,New Zealand, Australia and South America. Many live near cold waters (水域). But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins  cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers. The shape of their body helps them to survive. Penguins eat fish and krill  (磷虾). They have short wings that help them to dive up to 900 feet to catch larger fish. They can swim 10-15 kilometers an hour which lets them protect themselves. They also have lots of body oil that helps in keeping them dry in the water. The warming of the earth is the reason for the decrease in the number of penguins. The hotter and hotter air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperature has decreased the fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. And many adult penguins die of hunger. Too much fishing, exploration for oil and oil leaks (泄漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous things in ocean waters are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies, including sharks, seals and sea lions. 小题1:Penguins can do the following except________. A．diving B．flying C．swimming D．catching fish 小题2:Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease in the number penguins? A．The warming of the earth. B．Too much fishing. C．Natural disasters. D．Poisonous things in ocean waters. 小题3:What does the underlined word "reproduce" mean? A．繁殖 B．灭绝 C．迁徙 D．觅食 小题4: What’s the passage mainly about? A．Fish and krill have decreased. B．Ocean waters are polluted. C．Sharks and seals are the enemies of pen­guins. D．The decrease in the number of penguins.

题型：阅读理解  难度：偏易

答案

小题1:B 小题1:C 小题1:A 小题1:D

本文讲的是企鹅数量的减少以及减少的原因。 1. B 此题是细节题。从Penguins cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers可知企鹅不能飞，选B。 2. C 此题也是细节题。文章讲了三个企鹅减少的原因，从三、四、五的第一句可知C答案不正确，文章并没有说到的，A,B,C都符合题意。 3. A 此题是考查单词的意思。这里讲的是企鹅减少的第一个原因，水温的升高导致鱼和磷虾的减少，从而导致企鹅不能繁殖，因为缺少食物，故选A。 4. D 这是个对全文的中心思想归纳题，很明显全文讲的是企鹅的减少及减少的原因，选D。

据专家权威分析，试题“Penguins are lovely animals. Most people like them. But no..”主要考查你对  政治经济类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

政治经济类阅读

考点名称：政治经济类阅读

• 政治经济类阅读：
  该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。
  政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。
  再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
  

• 政治经济类阅读注意：
  1、要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识；
  2、对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇；
  3、阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。

  政治经济类阅读技巧：
  针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。
  1. 寻找主干：
  根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
  2. 剔除从句：
  在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
  3. 辨别分句：
  一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
  4. 寻找关键词：
  如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。