题文

When you cough or sneeze(打喷嚏), please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this. In fact, I noticed adults cough and sneeze in public without putting a hand over the mouth. I hate traveling by subway in New York during cold and flu season, because it is certain that someone is going to stand right behind me and cough or sneeze on my neck. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. Otherwise, they will be passing those germs(细菌) along to everything and everyone they touch. In order to help the kids remember this rule, I tell them about an old story. It says that when you sneeze, evil spirits jump into your body. If you don’t cover your mouth, the spirits will enter, but if you cover your mouth, you will keep them out. We say “God bless you” when someone sneezes, and in Germany you should say “Gesundheit.” That means “Good health to you.” Both expressions are said—just in case you didn’t cover your mouth in time and the spirits were able to enter your body. The kids love finding out the origins(起源) of these expressions and it encourages them to put advice to use more often. 小题1:The writer of this article must be _________. A．a reporter B．a teacher C．a doctor D．an officer 小题2:What does the underlined word “this” mean? A．Don’t cough or sneeze in front of people. B．Don’t stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes. C．Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train. D．Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry. 小题3:After coughing or sneezing on their hand, students are advised to _________. A．say “God bless you” immediately B．wash their hands as soon as possible C．go to see a doctor as soon as possible D．go home and have a good rest 小题4:According to the article, the writer would like the kids _________. A．to be polite to adults B．to be in better health C．to have good manners D．to do well in exams

题型：阅读理解  难度：中档

答案

小题1:B 小题2:D 小题3:B 小题4:C

试题分析：短文大意：这篇短文中的作者是一位老师，主要给学生讲述了一个在别人面前打喷嚏，咳嗽时的礼貌问题以及相关的健康问。 小题1:推理判断题。根据第一段This is a rule I set for my students. 描述，可知本文作者是一个老师。故选B。 小题2:细节理解题。联系前文When you cough or sneeze(打喷嚏), please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” 描述，可知此处指的是，前文提到的当你在 别人面前打喷嚏，咳嗽的时候，用手遮住嘴，事后道歉的内容。故选D。 小题3:细节理解题。根据第二段中One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hand, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. 描述，可知这位老师建议学生们尽快的洗手。故选B。 小题4:主旨大意题。阅读短文可知，本文中老师主要讲述了一个有关礼貌的问题，故选C，他希望学生们有良好的礼貌。

据专家权威分析，试题“When you cough or sneeze(打喷嚏), please turn your head away..”主要考查你对  政治经济类阅读，人物传记类阅读，历史文化类阅读，人生感悟类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

政治经济类阅读人物传记类阅读历史文化类阅读人生感悟类阅读

考点名称：政治经济类阅读

• 政治经济类阅读：
  该类文章时代气息浓郁，语言鲜活，但熟字新义词、超纲词及专业词语多，长句、难句多。
  政治类文章大多数是同学们感性趣的内容，读起来倒有似曾相识的感觉，经济类文章读起来就像是雾里看花，文章看完，一头雾水。
  再加之这类文章的命题侧重于词义猜测、推理判断和文章主旨，同学们对这类题材是望而生畏。
  

• 政治经济类阅读注意：
  1、要做好这类阅读，平时就要注意了解国内外发生的政治经济大事，掌握一定背景知识；
  2、对这类文章的叙述特点及内容安排有一定了解，还要扩展这方面的词汇；
  3、阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系。

  政治经济类阅读技巧：
  针对不同体裁的文章，我们要采取相应的阅读方法和技巧。政治类文章多采用记叙文形式，我们可采取“顺读法”，以便抓关键语句，领会文章主旨；而经济类文章则多采用说明文形式，我们则可以采取“逆读法”，先读试题，再从文章中查找有用信息。若遇到的确难读的材料。
  1. 寻找主干：
  根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、谓语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则易于理解。找到了句子主干，句子的意思至少明白了一半。
  2. 剔除从句：
  在一个长句中可能会出现若干个从句，在理解时，如果把各个从句剔除出来单独理解，然后把大意拼凑起来，整个长句的意思就会明白六、七分。
  3. 辨别分句：
  一个长句如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词，只要能弄清楚分句和分句之间的逻辑关系，再把各层分句的意思加以连贯，整个长句的句意基本上能跃然脑中。
  4. 寻找关键词：
  如果一个句子看完，一点句意的感觉也没有，下下策就是抓住句中的关键词，通过关键词大体弄懂这个长句的意思。

考点名称：人物传记类阅读

• 人物传记类阅读：
  本类型选材主要是名人轶事。
  人物传记的叙述线索也常常以时间为序。内容一般不是一个人的生活流水账，而是选取主人公一些重要的人生阶段或生活片段来展开叙述。
  阅读时要把握主人公在此阶段发生的事对他本身或他人有什么重要的意义和影响。

考点名称：历史文化类阅读