题文

Now scientists have discovered that the dogs behave like their masters, too. Just like children, they use a “ look and learn” ways when they go about their tasks. Scientists at Oxford universities designed an experiment to test if the dogs have the ability to copy humans’ actions by using a simple wooden box. 10 owners showed their dogs how to open the wooden box .Sometimes they use their heads to push it and sometimes they use their hands. 10 dogs were divided into two groups---Group1 and Group2. In the first part of the test, Group1 were rewarded with a piece of meat for copying their owner’s actions. Group2 were rewarded with food for not copying and using other ways. With each dog the experiment was repeated hundreds of times. Scientists recorded the time to see which group was first to get 85% right. They found that Group1finished the task much sooner than Group2. In the second part of the test, all the dogs were only rewarded for copying the way that their owners used. Group1 reached the 85% mark more quickly than Group2. So the scientists draw a conclusion: “Like humans, dogs can copy actions that they see. Dogs’ imitative（仿效的）behavior is shaped more by their interactions（互动）with humans than by evolution(进化).” Scientists said，“A dog’s behavior is influenced much like that of a child; they look and learn similar behavior. We hope that owners understand the importance of their actions and use this knowledge to set good examples and therefore have a good effect on the behavior of their pets.” 小题1:The scientists believe dog’s imitative behavior mainly comes from______________. A．proper rewards B．domestication C．human-dog interactions D．evolution 小题2:The best title may be “___________________” A．Dogs can finish their tasks quickly. B．Dogs are interesting animals. C．Masters always set good examples. D．Dogs behave like their masters. 小题3:From the experiment, we know __________________. A．It took the two groups of dogs the same time to finish the required task. B．The dogs that copied their masters finished the required task much sooner. C．The dogs that were encouraged to copy their masters finished the task more slowly.. D．The dogs that were encouraged not to copy their masters finished the task more quickly.. 小题4:According to the last paragraph, we can infer ______________. A．a cruel man can raise a cruel dog B．dogs can be influenced by anyone C．dogs always behave positively D．dogs are the best kind of pets

题型：阅读理解  难度：中档

答案

小题1:C 小题2:D 小题3:B 小题4:A

试题分析：短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述了狗的模仿行为，并且通过两个实验证明了这一现象。从而告诉养狗的人，自己的行为也会影响自己的狗的行为。 小题1:细节理解题。根据Dogs’ imitative（仿效的）behavior is shaped more by their interactions（互动）with humans than by evolution(进化).”描述，可知科学家相信狗的模仿行为主要是来自人—狗之间的互动。故选C。 小题2:标题归纳题。阅读短文可知这篇短文主要介绍了狗的模仿行为。故选D，狗的行为举止像它的主人。 小题3:细节理解题。根据短文第二三段描述，可知第一组狗得到的奖赏诱惑力要大。在第一次实验当中模仿主人行为的组完成任务较快，在第二次都模仿主人行为的试验中，还是第一组完成任务较快。故选B。 小题4:推理判断题。这篇短文主要讲述的就是狗的模仿行为，因此如果主人行为粗暴，他的狗也会如此。故选A，恶人养恶狗。

据专家权威分析，试题“Now scientists have discovered that the dogs behave like the..”主要考查你对  社会现象类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

社会现象类阅读

考点名称：社会现象类阅读

• 社会现象类阅读：
  这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。
  题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。

• 描述社会现象英语：
  安居工程 housing project for low-income families
  安居小区 a neighborhood for low-income families
  保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment
  补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金 All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.
  裁定保险赔偿 adjudication of benefits
  城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents
  城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas
  城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees
  大力推行个人助学信贷 Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.
  待业人员 job seekers
  待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job
  单亲家庭 single parent family
  定向培训 training for specific posts
  独生子女 the only child
  对保障方案进行精算评估 Security programs should undergo actuarial review.
  对口扶贫 provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions
  福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with
  岗位培训 on-job training
  个人自愿计划 voluntary private plans
  工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system
  工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system
  关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood
  关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.
  关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.
  国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises
  过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level
  合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure
  后勤服务社会化 make logistic services independent in their operation
  基本养老金basic pensions
  计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning