按要求改写句子。1.ittheonisbagyourindesk . (连词成句).2.She can sing and dance. (改为否定句) She ___________ ______________ ____________ dance.3.I can rid-七年级英语

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needn't + have + 过去分词 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。
4.dare 除用作情态动词外,更多的是当实义动词使用, 用法同实义动词一样,要考虑人称,单复数,时态等。
5.ought 应当,应该。后面跟带有 to 的动词不定式。
ought + to have done 句型。指过去动作,表示一件事情该做而未做。
ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不该做的事情却做了。
6.will (would)决心,愿望。 would 为 will 的过去式,
will, would用于疑问句表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用 would 比 will 更婉转,客气。
7.Shall、should 表示命令,警告,允诺,征求,劝告,建议,惊奇。
8.have to,不得不,必须,表示客观条件只能如此,而must 则表示主观思想。

  • 情态动词功能:
    助动词主要有两类:基本助动词和情态助动词。
    基本助动词有三个:do,have和be;
    情态助动词基本的有十四个:may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述两类助动词的共同特征是,在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时,具有作用词的功能:
    1) 构成否定式:
    He didn't go and neither did she.
    The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock.
    2) 构成疑问式或附加疑问式:
    Must you leave right now?
    You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you?
    3) 构成修辞倒装:
    Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister.
    Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
    4) 代替限定动词词组:
    A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle?
    B: Tom can.
    A: Shall I write to him?
    B: Yes, do.

    情态动词表推测的用法小结   
    (一)情态动词表推测的三种句式    
    1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定),may(可能),might /can, could(也许,或许)。   
    (1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question?    
              他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。   
    (2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.   
              屋里很冷,他们肯定把暖气关了。    
    2. 否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not (可能不)。   
    (1)It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.  这不可能是校长,他去美国了。   
    (2)He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。   
    3. 疑问句中用can/could (能……?)。    
     (1)Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?    
     (2)Can he be at home now?  他现在能在家吗?   
    注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。   

    (二)情态动词表推测的三种时态   
    1. 对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。    
    (1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5.  5: 00 前她一定/可能/也许到。    
    (2)She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.   
               她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。   
    2. 对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或 “情态动词 + 动词原形”。    
    (1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。   
    (2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。   
    (3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?   
              布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?    
    3.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。   
    (1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.  地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。   
    (2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home . 门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。   
    (3)Can / Could he have gotten the book? 难道他找到书了吗?    
    注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have +过去 分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。 
    例如:   
    (4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.   
         现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达。(推测)   
    (5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look  after her mother in hospital. (虚拟)   
    她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。   
    (6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.   (虚拟)   
    汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意。

  • 考点名称:一般疑问句

    • 一般疑问句:
      是疑问句的一种。通常用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。口语中若无特殊含义,句末用升调。
      其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分? 
      通常回答为:   
      肯定:Yes+主语+提问的助动词   
      否定:No+主语+提问的助动词+not 
      例如:
      Are you from Japan?   Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
      Do you live near your school? Yes, I do./No, I don't. 
      Can you speak French?  Yes, I can./No, I can't.

    • 一般疑问句的特性:
      1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。
      如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
      I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
      We're watching TV. →Are you watching TV﹖
      2.陈述句中有情态动词(can、may、must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
      He can swim now. →Can he swim now﹖
      The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖
      3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
      I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖
      She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖
      4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
      5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
      Are they in town now﹖
      I think so.
      May I sit here﹖
      Certainly.
      Does he like soccer﹖
      Sorry I don't know.
      6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。

    • 陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧:
      根据一般疑问句不同的家族,可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。
      1、第一家族:含be动词或情态动词的句子
      秘诀:一调二改三问号
      一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
      二改:改换主语称谓,即将句中的主语I\my \mines\we\our\ours等。第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you\your\ yours等;
      三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
      Eg. I am an English teacher.    →    Are you an English teacher?
      Eg. We can speak English fluently.   →    Can you speak English fluently?

      2、第二家族:含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
      秘诀:一加二改三问号
      一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
      二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形;2、改换主语称谓(同第一家组);
      三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
      Eg. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
      Eg. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?
      特别注意:对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原,因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。

      3、加强记忆口诀:
      肯变一,并不难,can 或be提在前;
      谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。

    考点名称:特殊疑问句

    • 特殊疑问句:
      以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
      常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
      特殊疑问句的基本结构是“疑问词+一般疑问句”。
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