二、某些有生命的集合名词，本身无复数形式，作主语时，谓语通常用复数。
常见的此类集合名词有：
cattle，clergy，faculty（教职工）， herd，mankind，military，militia（民团、民兵），
people，police，poultry（家禽），swine（猪），vermin，womankind等。
1．There are verm in here．
2．Some people are never satisfied．
3．The police／military have surrounded the building．
4．There are three people waving at us．
5．The police haven't arrived yet．
【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式。如： There are 56 peoples in China．

三、某些有生命的集合名词，本身无复数形式，其后可跟单／复数谓语动词。
常见的此类集合名词有：
aristocracy，bourgeoisie（资产阶级），church，elite（精英），gentry，intelligentsia（知识分子），
laity（外行），livestock，majority，minority，proletariat（无产阶级），offspring，public，swarm，youth等。
1．The youth today is ／are better off than we used to be．
2．Her offspring is ／are like her in every respect．
3．The intelligentsia are hailing Ranson as their spokesman．
【注】youth除了作集合名词以外，还可以作可数和不可数名词。如：
Youth is the tim e for action；age is the tim e for repose．
Som e youths don't like jazz．

四、某些表示国家、公司、机构、运动队等名称的专有名词也可当作集合名词使用，其后通常跟单／复数谓语动词。
常见的此类集合名词有：
Arsenal，BBC，Congress，Krem lin， Liverpool，Macm illan，Netherlands，Parliament，Pentagon，Vatican（梵蒂冈），White House等。
1．Arsenal is ／are playing well in this season．
2．Macmillan have ／has made a good profit this year．
3．The Seventy-First Congress was predominantly Republican．
4．The Netherlands has ／have a monarchy．
5．The BBC is showing the program on Saturday．
6．Liverpool is leading 1—0．
7．Liverpool are attacking again．

五、某些无生命的集合名词（表示物）作主语时，通常被看成不可数名词，谓语用单数。
常见的此类集合名词有：
aircraft，baggage， clothing，crockery，cutlery（刀剪，餐具），equipment，foliage（树叶），
footwear，furniture，glassware，hardware，hosiery，jewellery，luggage，machinery，merchandize，
poetry，pottery，silverware，stationery，underclothing，underwear，vegetation，weaponry等。
1．All the furniture in my room is new．
2．The merchandize has arrived undamaged．
3．There is not much vegetation in deserts．
4．The equipment for the factory hasbeen shipped．
5．Warm clothing is necessary in cold climates．
6．The machinery is driven by electrici-ty．