请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。teachflybe wait have 1. How many students _____________ there in your class?2. Please be quiet-七年级英语
考点名称:一般疑问句
- 一般疑问句:
是疑问句的一种。通常用yes,no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。口语中若无特殊含义,句末用升调。
其结构是:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分?
通常回答为:
肯定:Yes+主语+提问的助动词
否定:No+主语+提问的助动词+not
例如:
Are you from Japan? Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
Do you live near your school? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
Can you speak French? Yes, I can./No, I can't. - 一般疑问句的特性:
1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。
如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
We're watching TV. →Are you watching TV﹖
2.陈述句中有情态动词(can、may、must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
He can swim now. →Can he swim now﹖
The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖
3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
I like these animals. →Do you like these animals﹖
She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖
4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
Are they in town now﹖
I think so.
May I sit here﹖
Certainly.
Does he like soccer﹖
Sorry I don't know.
6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。 - 陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧:
根据一般疑问句不同的家族,可以用不同的方法将陈述句变为相应的一般疑问句。
1、第一家族:含be动词或情态动词的句子
秘诀:一调二改三问号
一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
二改:改换主语称谓,即将句中的主语I\my \mines\we\our\ours等。第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you\your\ yours等;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
Eg. I am an English teacher. → Are you an English teacher?
Eg. We can speak English fluently. → Can you speak English fluently?
2、第二家族:含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
秘诀:一加二改三问号
一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形;2、改换主语称谓(同第一家组);
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
Eg. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
Eg. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?
特别注意:对于第二家族一定要注意动词的还原,因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。
3、加强记忆口诀:
肯变一,并不难,can 或be提在前;
谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。
考点名称:主谓一致
- 英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。
主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。 - 主谓一致原则:
1、语法上的一致
所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。
谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。
We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。
使用语法一致的情况
(1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构
如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。
My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。
注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。
No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。
(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语
主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:
with,along with,together with,as well as,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,
谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。
The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道,也学会了开汽车。
A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。
E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。
Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。
All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。
(3)非谓语动词或从句作主语
非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数形式。
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。
Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。
To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。
When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。
注意:当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。
What we need here is money.我们这里需要的是资金。
What we need here are workers.我们这里需要的是工人。
Lying and stealing are immoral.说谎与偷窃是不道德的。
(4)each和复合不定代词作主语
each和some/any/no//every十body/one/thing构成的复合不定代词:
anyone、anybody、anything、everyone、everybody、everything、someone、somebody、something、no one、nobody、nothing、each、the other作主语,谓语动词用单数。
Each is worse than the one before. 一个比一个差。
Nobody knows the answer. 没有一个人知道这答案。
Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。
Is there anything in the box?箱子里有什么东西吗?
There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多奶。
(5)“many a +单数名词”作主语
“many a、(很多)/more than one(不只一个)+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a student has been to Beijing. 很多学生去过北京。
There is more than one answer to your question. 你的问题不只有一个答案。
(6)“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the等限定词和修饰语
“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only,the very,the等限定词和修饰语时,定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man.
汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩。
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.他是这三年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生。
注意:如没有这些限定词和修饰语,定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。
Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others. 汤姆是个随时愿意帮助别人的男孩。
(7)由两个部分组成的物体名词作主语
英语中有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如g1asses(眼镜),scissors(剪刀),shorts(短裤),shoes(鞋子),trousers(裤子)等作主语,其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
His glasses were broken, so he can't see well. 他的眼镜碎了,因而看不清楚。
His trousers are made of cotton. 他的裤子是棉布的。
注意:若这类名词前带有pair等表示单位的名词时,则以这些名词的单、复数形式决定动词的形式。
Two pairs of trousers are missing. 两条裤子不见了。
This pair of shoes is not on sale. 这双鞋不出售。
2、意义上的一致
意义上的一致是指谓语动词与主语的一致取决于主语所表达的意义。若主语形式上为复数,而意义上是单数,动词要用单数;
若主语形式上为单数,而意义上为复数,则动词用复数。
The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。
The police are looking into the matter. 警察正在调查此事。
使意义上的一致的情况
(1)由and连接两个并列主语
其后的谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果两个单数名词指同一个人、同一事物、单一概念时,谓语动词要用单数,有时两个名词共用一个冠词。
The worker and writer has written a new novel. 这位工人兼作家写了一部新小说。(两个名词共用一个冠词)
- 最新内容
- 相关内容
- 网友推荐
- 图文推荐
上一篇:He _____ late for school. [ ]A. is oftenB. often is C. does oftenD. often does-七年级英语
下一篇:This kind of fish ______ good, but ______ bad.[ ]A. smells; sounds B. smells; tastesC. sounds; looksD. tastes; feels-八年级英语
零零教育社区:论坛热帖子
[家长教育] 孩子为什么会和父母感情疏离? (2019-07-14) |
[教师分享] 给远方姐姐的一封信 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 伸缩门 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 回家乡 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 是风味也是人间 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 一句格言的启示 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 无规矩不成方圆 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 第十届全国教育名家论坛有感(二) (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 贪玩的小狗 (2018-11-07) |
[教师分享] 未命名文章 (2018-11-07) |