题文

句型转换。

1. She's already done her homework. (改为否定句)     She____ ____ her homework _____. 2. She has borrowed the book. She borrowed it from the library last week. (改成同义句)     She ____ ____ the book for a week. 3. I bought the bike ten years ago. (改成同义句)     I ____ ____ the bike _____ ten years ago. 4. There were few books in the desk, _____ _____? (反意疑问句) 5. It no longer provides a good environment. (改为同义句)     It                   a good environment                  . 6. You are too young to go to school. (改为同义句)     You are ____ ____ ____ you can't go to school. 7. I've known him since he came him. (对划线部分提问)     _____ ____ _____ you known him? 8. There was heavy rain yesterday evening. (改成同义句)     It _____ _____ last night. 9. My father was a teacher in the past. (改为同义句)     My father                    be a teacher. 10. I saw the film 2012 just now. (用just做状语)       I _____ just _____ the film 2012.

题型：句型转换  难度：中档

答案

1. hasn't done  2. has kept  3. have boght since  4. were there  5. doesn't provide no longer 6. so young that  7. How long have  8. rained heavily  9. used to  10. have seen

据专家权威分析，试题“句型转换。1.She's already done her homework. (改为否定句)..”主要考查你对  现在完成时，副词，实义动词的过去分词，实义动词，动词短语  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

现在完成时副词实义动词的过去分词实义动词动词短语

考点名称：现在完成时

• 现在完成时:
  过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
  基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
  句式：
  1. 否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't （hasn't）＋过去分词...”。
  如：I have not seen the movie yet. 我还没看这部电影。
  2. 一般疑问句：Have（Has）+主语+过去分词...？ 如：
  —Have you finished the work？你已经做完这项工作了吗？
  —Yes, I have. 是的，我已经做完了。（No, I haven't. 不，我还没有做完。）
  3. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have（has）+主语+过去分词...？如：
  How many times have you been to the Great Wall？你去过长城几次？
  提示：肯定句中有some, already时，改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yet。如：
  I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业。
  → I haven't finished my homework yet. （否定句）
  → Have you finished your homework yet? （一般疑问句)
  现在完成时常见两种句型：
  ①for短语
  ②It is＋一段时间＋ since从句

• 现在完成时特点：
  1. 非持续性动词的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连用，若要用时间段状语，则应换成相应的持续性动词或状态动词。
  例如：
  He has left.
  He has been away for an hour.
  2. have/has been to 表示曾经去过某地，但现在不在那；have/has gone to表示现在已去某地，现在不在这。
  例如：
  He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company.
  Mr. Li in not at home. He has gone to Shanghai.
  3. 完成时的肯定式常用already,而否定式和疑问式常用yet，但若already用于疑问句时，表示一种出乎意外的惊讶。
  例如：Have you read it already?

• 现在完成时和一般过去时区别:
  现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。
  但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，
  而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。
  比较:
  I have lost my new book.  我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）
  I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）
  
  have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：
  have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；
  have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，
  前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。
  如：
  They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
  He has gone to Beijing .  他去北京了。
  
  现在完成时注意事项:
  1.如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since一词，也不必用完成时。如：
  It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。
  
  2.终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
  I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。
  
  3..现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，（如表示过去的时间状语）
  如:yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非与for,since连用.
  
  4.不能与when连用.

• 现在完成时的用法：
  1.表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：
  -Have you had lunch yet?    
  -Yes,I have. I've just had it.
  2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
  常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。如：
  He has taught here since 1981
  他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教）
  I have't seen her for four years.
  我有四年没见到她了。
  3.表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”。
  常与twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。 如：
  I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京

  4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如：
  now,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,just,today,up to present,so far等：
  Peter has written six papers so far.
  Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
  There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.
  The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
  Up to the present everything has been successful.
  
  5.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如：
  already（肯定），yet（否定，疑问），just,before,recently,still,lately,never等：
  He has already obtained a scholarship.
  I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
  We have seen that film before.