根据所给提示,完成句型转换。每空一词,含缩略词。 1. They have cleaned the classroom. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)______ they cleaned the classroom? Yes, they -九年级英语

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此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far)等。
例如:
I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
注意:现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。
如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。
8.一段时间+has passed+since从句
主语+have / has been+since短语
例如:He has been in the League for three years.
或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了  
9. 现在完成时常和短语 "up to now /till now","so far" (意思是从过去某一确定的时间一直延续到现在)连用。  
Up to/till now he's read many story books. 至今他已读过好多故事书。
I've been to New York three times so far. 至今我已到纽约去过三次。
has gone (to),has been (to),has been (in) 的区别
has gone to:去了没回
has been to :去过
has been in:呆了很久

考点名称:疑问代词

  • 疑问代词:
    疑问代词在句中起名词的作用,用来构成疑问句。常用的疑问代词有:   
    what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever   
    疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有词性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。 
    what, which, whose还可作限定词。
    Whose books are these on the desk?
    桌上的书是谁的?
    What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
    美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
    What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?
    哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
    疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
    指 人: who, whom, whose
    指 物: what
    既可指人又可指物: which

  • 疑问代词说明:
    一、无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
    Which girls do you like best?
    你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
    What girls do you like best?
    你喜欢什么样的姑娘?

    二、Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
    Who(m) did you meet on the street?
    你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
    Who(m) are you taking the book to?
    你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
    To whom did you speak on the campus?
    你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)

    三、疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
    For what do most people live and work?大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
    What are you looking for?你在找什么?(现代英语)

    四、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
    I can't make out what he is driving at.
    我不知道他用意何在。
    Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
    你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
    Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
    你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。

  • 疑问代词用法:
    1. 疑问代词有who, whom, whose, which和what, 都是用来构成疑问句的:
    Who is calling? 谁打电话来?
    Whom do you want to speak to? 你想找谁接电话?
    作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,在口语中用who作宾语时也不少:
    Who did you mean? 你指的是谁?
    Who are you talking about? 你们在讲谁?
    直接跟在介词后时只能用whom:
    With whom did you come? 你和谁一道来的?
    (口语中说“Who did you come with?时更多一些。)

    2. 其他三个疑问代词可用作:
    1)主语:
    What’s your address? 你的地址怎样写?
    Whose is better? 谁的好一些?
    Which of these is yours? 哪一本是你的?
    2)宾语:
    What do you mean? 你是什么意思?
    Which do you like better? 哪一个你更喜欢一些?
    Whose have you chosen? 你选了谁的?
    3)表语:
    What’s her name? 她叫什么名字?
    Whose is it? 这是谁的?
    4)定语(这样用时有些字典标作形容词):
    What time does the train leave? 这列火车什么时候离开?
    Which room shall we stay in? 我们住哪间房?
    Whose passport is this? 这是谁的护照?

考点名称:时间副词

  • 常见的时间副词
    now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, finally, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, already, just 等。
    例如:He went to Paris recently.
                He has just left for school.

  • 常见时间副词用法:
    A 、afterwards,eventually,lately,now,recently,soon,then,today,tomorrow等和表示时间的副词短语:at once,since then,till 。
    上述副词和词组通常位于句首或句末,在祈使句中及与till短语连用时常放在句末:
    Eventually he came./He came eventually.
    他终于来了。
    Then we went home./We went home then.
    然后我们回家。
    Write today.
    今天就写。
    I’ll wait till tomorrow.
    我等到明天。
    动词为复合时态时afterwards,eventually,lately,now,recent-ly,soon可位于助动词之后:
    We’ll soon be there.
    我们马上会到那里。

    B、 before,early,immediately和late位于句末:
    He came late.
    他来晚了。
    I’ll go immediately.
    我马上就走。
    但before和immediately用做连词引导一个从句时,应位于从句的句首:
    Immediately the rain stops we’ll set out.
    雨一停我们就走。

    C、 since和ever since与完成时连用:
    since位于助动词之后或否定句及疑问句的句末,ever since(副词)位于句末。
    带有since和ever since的短语和从句常位于句末,有时放在句首也是可以的:
    He’s been in bed since his accident/since he broke his leg.
    自从他出了车祸/摔伤了腿,他一直躺在床上。

    D、 yet和still(时间副词):
    yet常常位于动词或动词+宾语之后:
    He hasn’t finished(his breakfast)yet.
    他还没吃完(他的早饭)。
    如果宾语由许多词组成,yet也可位于动词之前:
    He hasn’t yet applied for the job we told him about.
    他还没去申请我们跟他说的那个工作。
    still位于be动词之后或其他动词之前:
    She is still in bed.
    她还在睡觉。
    yet的含义是“到说话的时候为止”。它主要用于否定句或疑问句。
    still强调动作在继续延续,主要用于肯定句或疑问句,但可用于否定句以强调否定意义的动作仍在延续:
    He still doesn’t understand.
    他仍然不懂。(“不懂”这一否定意义的动作在延续。)
    He doesn’t understand yet.
    他还没有弄懂。(“懂得”这一肯定意义的动作还没开始。)
    still和yet重读时表示惊讶、讨厌或不耐烦。它们都可以当做连词使用。

    E 、just作为时间副词跟复合时态连用:
    I’m just coming.
    我正要来。

  • 时间副词用法特点:
    1.时间副词表示时间或期间,如:
    today(今天),tomorrow(明天),yesterday(昨天),now(现在),soon(不久),then(那时),recently(近来),lately(近来),afterwards(后来)等
    2.时间副词用在句尾。
    I went to the bar yesterday.
    我昨天去酒吧了。
    3.时间副词用在句首以加强语气。
    Tomorrow I shall attend a meeting.
    明天我将参加会议。
    4.句中若出现多个时间副词,短时间在前,长时间在后。
    It took place at 4 o'clock on the 4th of May, 1896.
    它发生于一八九六年五月四日四点钟。
    5.表示时间的副词或副词短语前不加介词或定冠词。
    中文:他下星期一回来。
    (误)He will be back on next Monday.
    (误)He will be back the next Monday.
    (正)He will be back next Monday.
    6.still (还,仍然),yet(还,仍然)等是特殊的时间副词,一般用于强调某种时态。

考点名称:副词

  • 副词:
    是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
    副词可分为:地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
    副词连用顺序:程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。
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