Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？ 　　
3.作形容词的宾语 　　
The music is well worth listening to more than once.  这种曲子很值得多听几遍。 　　
We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。

三、动名词作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
表语、动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 　　
Your task is cleaning the windows.   你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning the windows is your task.) 　　
What I hate most is being laughed at.  我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

四、动名词作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如： 　　
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking 　　
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 　　 
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading 　　
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring 　　
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping

动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。

时态、语态	主动	被动
一般式	writing	being  written
完成式 having written		having been written

动名词使用注意事项：
1） 动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数
2） 在动名词和不定式中，作为介词的宾语是动名词
3） 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词，通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语
例：I would appreciate you calling back this afternoon.
4） 有些词后只能接动名词
acknowledge;admit; advise;advocate;allow;appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny;
detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help;
hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent;
recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
5） 另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法
it’s no good; it’s no/little/hardly any/ use; it’s not/hardly/scarcely use; it’s worthwhile; spend money/time; there’s no;
there’s no point in; there’s nothing worse than; what’s the use/point
6） 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
remember,forget,try,stop,go on,continue,stop,regret,cease,mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。
例：remember to do/doing：
①I remembered to post the letters.（指未来/过去未来将要做的动作）
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.（我记得做过这个动作）
 forget与remember的用法类似。
 regret的用法：
①I regret to inform you that…（我很遗憾地通知你……）
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.（为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。）
 try to（努力）与try +–ing（试验）：
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.

考点名称：主谓一致

• 英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。
  主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。

• 主谓一致原则:
  1、语法上的一致
  所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。
  谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
  China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。
  We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。
  使用语法一致的情况
  （1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构
  如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。
  My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。
  Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。
  注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。
  Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。
  No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。
  （2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语
  主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如：
  with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，
  谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。
  The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
  The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。
  A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。
  E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。
  Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。
  All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。
  （3）非谓语动词或从句作主语
  非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。
  When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。
  Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。
  To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。
  When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。
  注意：当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。
  What we need here is money．我们这里需要的是资金。
  What we need here are workers．我们这里需要的是工人。
  Lying and stealing are immoral．说谎与偷窃是不道德的。
  （4）each和复合不定代词作主语
  each和some/any/no//every十body/one/thing构成的复合不定代词：
  anyone、anybody、anything、everyone、everybody、everything、someone、somebody、something、no one、nobody、nothing、each、the other作主语，谓语动词用单数。
  Each is worse than the one before. 一个比一个差。
  Nobody knows the answer. 没有一个人知道这答案。
  Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。
  Is there anything in the box?箱子里有什么东西吗?
  There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多奶。
  （5）“many a +单数名词”作主语
  “many a、(很多)/more than one(不只一个)+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
  Many a student has been to Beijing. 很多学生去过北京。
  There is more than one answer to your question. 你的问题不只有一个答案。
  （6）“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the等限定词和修饰语
  “one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only，the very，the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
  Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man.
  汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩。
  He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years．他是这三年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生。
  注意:如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。
  Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others. 汤姆是个随时愿意帮助别人的男孩。
  （7）由两个部分组成的物体名词作主语
  英语中有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如g1asses(眼镜)，scissors(剪刀)，shorts(短裤)，shoes(鞋子)，trousers(裤子)等作主语，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
  His glasses were broken, so he can't see well. 他的眼镜碎了，因而看不清楚。
  His trousers are made of cotton. 他的裤子是棉布的。