句型转换。1. Mybrotherisasalesman.(对画线部分提问) yourbrotherdo? 2. Amy'sfatherworksinacarcompany.(对画线部分提问)Amy'sfatherwork?3. Igotoworkbybus.(对-六年级英语

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7.有些表示状态和感觉的动词表示现在发生的具体行为时,只用一般现在时,而不用进行时态。

8.表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态

9表示格言或警句中。 e.g Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。
再如:Now watch me,I switch on the current and stand back.
第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。

  • 一般现在时用法表:
     

    第三人称单数的构成见下表:

    构成

    举例

    一般情况

    词尾+s

    动词原形

    第三人称单数

    work(工作)
    stop(停止)

    works
    stops

    以-ch, -sh, s, x, o结尾

    词尾+es

    teach(教)
    wash(洗)
    dress(装扮)
    fix(安装)
    go(去)

    teaches
    washes
    dresses
    fixes
    goes

    以“辅音字母+y”结尾

    变y为i,再加es

    fly(飞翔)
    try(尝试)

    flies
    tries

    不规则变化have和be动词 变have为has 变be为am,is,are例: have-has; be-am,is,are

  • 一般现在时的特殊用法:
    一些动词可用一般现在时来表达现在进行时:
    verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smell,feel
    verbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember
    verbs of the linking: dislike,fear,heat,like,love,want
    verbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess

  • 考点名称:助动词

    • 助动词:
      协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词,被协助的动词称作主要动词。
      构成时态和语态:助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,
      例如:Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.他不喜欢英语。(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

    • 小学涉及到的助动词主要是do,以及它的两种时态:does和did。
      例:Does he work in the factory? 他是在这个工厂工作吗? 
          Do you have a pen? 你有一支钢笔吗? 
          He didn’t go to school yesterday. 他昨天没有去上学。

      助动词do 的用法:

      1)构成一般疑问句,例如:
      Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
      Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?
      2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:
      I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。
      He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。
      In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
      3)构成否定祈使句,例如:
      Don't go there. 不要去那里。
      Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
      说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。
      4)放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:
      Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。
      I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。
      I do miss you. 我确实想你。
      5) 用于倒装句,例如:
      Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。
      Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
      只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。
      说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。
      6)用作代动词,例如:
      ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗?
      ---- Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
      He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?
      他知道如何开车,对吧?

    • 基本助动词:
      be, do, have, 他们没有词汇意义,只有语法作用,如协助构成进行体,完成体,被动态,否定句,疑问句等。
      例如 He is giving a lecture. 他在作报告
      He has made a plan. 他已经订了计划
      The small animals are kept in the cages. 小动物都关在笼子里。

      助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用:
      a. 表示时态,例如:
      He is singing. 他在唱歌。
      He has got married. 他已结婚。
      b. 表示语态,例如:
      He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
      c. 构成疑问句,例如:
      Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
      Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
      d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
      I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
      e. 加强语气,例如:
      Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
      He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

    考点名称:否定句

    • 否定句:
      表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。
      否定句的构成形式:
      a. 谓语为be动词时,“be+not "一名学生。
      b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时,“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 
      例:I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 
            He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。
      c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时,“情态动词+not”构成否定。 
      例:You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 
             I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。

    • 否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类:
      (1)一般否定句
      I don't know this. No news is good news.
      There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.
      (2)特指否定
      He went to his office, not to see him.
      I am sorry for not coming on time.
      I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
      (3)部分否定
      All the answers are not right
      All is not gold that glitters
      I don't know all of them.
      I can't see everybody/everything.
      Both of them are not right.
      (4)全体否定
      None of my friends smoke.
      I can see nothing/nobody.
      Neither of them is right.
      Nothing can be so simple as this.
      (5)延续否定
      You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
      You don't know, I don't know either.
      He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用说)French.
      (6)半否定句
      We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
      I know little English. I saw few people.
      (7)双重否定
      You can't make something out of nothing.
      What's done cannot be undone.
      There is no sweet without sweat.
      No gain without pains.
      I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
      No man is so old but(that)he can learn.
      (8)排除否定
      Everyone is ready except you.
      He did nothing but play.
      But for your help, I couldn't do it.
      (9)加强否定
      I won't do it at all.
      I can't see it any more.
      He is no longer a boy.

    • 否定转移的形式与用法:
      一、动词的否定转移
      1.形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语
      当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。
      表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
      I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。

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