按要求改写句子。1. Myuncleisanengineer.(对划线部分提问) 2. Itcomesfromtheclouds.(对划线部分提问) 3. Howdoyouplantatree?(译成中文) -六年级英语

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不及物动词:

本身意义完整,后面不用跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。
Birds fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。

兼作及物动词和不及物动词:
英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。
这样的动词又有两种不同的情况:
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变。试比较:
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同。如:
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?

与汉语的比较
有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法,与汉语的用法完全不一样,请注意下列两种情况:
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词,而汉语则可用作及物动词,如arrive到达,agree同意,listen听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如:
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较:We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较:We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可以省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词,而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词,如serve为…服务。
Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务

  • 特殊实义动词:
    英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词,如
    close, begin, study, leave, work等。
    ①The post office closes at 9:00 p. m.邮局晚上9点关门。
    ②Close the window,please.请关窗。
    ③Shall we begin now?我们现在开始吗?
    ④ Bill began working as a sailor after he left school.比尔毕业后当水手。
    ⑤They left yesterday.他们昨天离开的。
    ⑥When did you leave Washington?你什么时候离开华盛顿的?
    ⑦The students study hard.这些学生学习努力。
    ⑧The students study English and German.这些学生学习英语和德语。
    ⑨He works in a supermarket.他在一家超市工作。
    ⑩He works the machine on Mondays.他星期一操作这台机器。

  • 考点名称:特殊疑问句

    • 特殊疑问句:
      以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
      常用的疑问词有:what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
      特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分,进行提问,而且根据情况直接回答,不能用yes或no简单回答。
      常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what;疑问副词有when, where, why, how。
      例:What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么? 
          Which class are you in? 你在哪个班? 
          Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪? 
          Why are you late? 你为什么迟到?

    • 特殊疑问句的构成:
      一、 特殊的疑问词。
      特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头,询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。
      我们学过的疑问词有:
      what(询问事物), how much(询问价格),what time (询问时间,尤其是点钟), what kind of(询问种类),why(询问原因),who(询问人), where(询问地点) 等等。如:
      —What is this? 这是什么?
      —It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。
      —How much is it? 这个多少钱?
      —It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。
      —What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影?
      —I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。

      二、特殊的语序。
      特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如:
      What time is it? 现在几点钟?
      Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师?

      三、特殊的答语。
      特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答,而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如:
      — What time is it, please? 请问几点了?
      — It's 7:30. 七点半了。
      — Where are they? 他们在哪儿?
      —They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
      —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么?
      —English. 英语。

      四、 特殊的语调。
      一般情况下,特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如:
      Who's ↘that?
      How old is↘Jack?

      特殊疑问句有两种语序:
      1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
      Who is singing in the room﹖
      whose bike is broken﹖
      2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:
      特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】
      What does she like?
      What class are you in﹖
      Where are you from﹖
      What time does he get up every morning﹖
      How do you know﹖

    • 就划线部分提问的基本方法:
      小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式,那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是:
      先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词;
      然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可(注意去掉划线部分)。
      基本构成:疑问词+一般疑问句
      A、对“物”划线用What。 
        This is an orange. → What is this?
        We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk?
      B、对“地点”划线用Where,如果“地点”作定语时,用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 
        He is under the tree. → Where is he? 
        Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? 
      C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 
        Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? 
        My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister?
      D、对“颜色”划线,用What colour。 
        Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? 
      E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。
        She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have?
        I have six books. → How many books do you have?
      F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。
       I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy?
      G、对“职业”划线用What。 
        She is a driver. → What is she?
        My father is a farmer. → What is your father?
      H、对“星期几”划线用What day。
       It's Sunday today. → What day is it today?
      I、对“时间”划线用What time。
       We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning?
        It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?

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