按要求改写句子。1. She is at school. (对画线部分提问) 2. I've got a fever. (用Ben作主语改写句子)____3. What's wrong? (写出同义句) 4. I'm staying in bed-五年级英语

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构成

举例

一般情况

词尾+s

动词原形

第三人称单数

work(工作)
stop(停止)

works
stops

以-ch, -sh, s, x, o结尾

词尾+es

teach(教)
wash(洗)
dress(装扮)
fix(安装)
go(去)

teaches
washes
dresses
fixes
goes

以“辅音字母+y”结尾

变y为i,再加es

fly(飞翔)
try(尝试)

flies
tries

不规则变化have和be动词 变have为has 变be为am,is,are例: have-has; be-am,is,are

  • 一般现在时的特殊用法:
    一些动词可用一般现在时来表达现在进行时:
    verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smell,feel
    verbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember
    verbs of the linking: dislike,fear,heat,like,love,want
    verbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess

  • 考点名称:疑问副词

    • 疑问副词:
      用来引导特殊疑问句,表示时间,地点,方式,原因等,常见的有:when,where,how,why等。
      分类:
      时间副词:now, then, yesterday, always, already, soon
      地点副词:here, home, upstairs, nowhere, above, near, beyond
      方式副词:多数是形容词加上ly构成的,和一些well, fast, quick, slow, hard, alone, straight, wide
      在加词尾ly时要注意:
      (1)辅音+le:simple→simply, gentle→gently,
      (2)以ic结尾的词:classic→classical但是public→publicly
      (3)以辅音读音是[i]的y结尾的词:easy→easily
      (4)特例:full→fully, whole→wholly, true→truly
      程度副词,连接副词,关系副词
      much, enough, quite, hardly, almost, deeply
      疑问副词连接副词,关系副词:
      how,who,where

    • 疑问副词在句中的位置及用法举例:
      由于疑问副词后接疑问句,因此这些副词一般都位于句首。例如:
      How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学?
      Why do you dislike the game? 为什么你不喜欢这个游戏?

    • 疑问代词和疑问副词区别:
      1. 疑问代词做对陈述句的主语,宾语或定语提问,即做句子的主语,宾语或定语, 如:
      what, who/ whom, whose.
      eg. Who is talking ?
      What can you see?
      Whose shirt is this?

      2.疑问副词对时间,地点,方式等状语提问,如:
      when, where, how 等.
      eg. When is your birthday?
      Where are you going?
      How do you know?

    考点名称:否定句

    • 否定句:
      表示否定的句子。必须有否定词。
      否定句的构成形式:
      a. 谓语为be动词时,“be+not "一名学生。
      b. 谓语为实义动词而且没有情态动词和助动词时,“do/ does/ did+not"构成否定。 
      例:I do not like dancing. 我不喜欢跳舞。 
            He does not want to go to school. 他不想去上学。
      c. 谓语为“情态动词+实义动词”时,“情态动词+not”构成否定。 
      例:You must not smoke. 你千万不要吸烟。 
             I can not catch it. 我抓不住它。

    • 否定句在英语语法中可以分为九类:
      (1)一般否定句
      I don't know this. No news is good news.
      There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.
      (2)特指否定
      He went to his office, not to see him.
      I am sorry for not coming on time.
      I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
      (3)部分否定
      All the answers are not right
      All is not gold that glitters
      I don't know all of them.
      I can't see everybody/everything.
      Both of them are not right.
      (4)全体否定
      None of my friends smoke.
      I can see nothing/nobody.
      Neither of them is right.
      Nothing can be so simple as this.
      (5)延续否定
      You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
      You don't know, I don't know either.
      He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用说)French.
      (6)半否定句
      We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
      I know little English. I saw few people.
      (7)双重否定
      You can't make something out of nothing.
      What's done cannot be undone.
      There is no sweet without sweat.
      No gain without pains.
      I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
      No man is so old but(that)he can learn.
      (8)排除否定
      Everyone is ready except you.
      He did nothing but play.
      But for your help, I couldn't do it.
      (9)加强否定
      I won't do it at all.
      I can't see it any more.
      He is no longer a boy.

    • 否定转移的形式与用法:
      一、动词的否定转移
      1.形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语
      当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。
      表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
      I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。
      I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。
      I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。

      2. 形式上否定谓语动词,实际上否定复合宾语
      当动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主语是第一人称,谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如:
      I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。
      I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。
      I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。

      二、动词“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情况下,否定不转移:
      1.这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如:
      I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。
      I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。

      2.用于疑问句时,否定不转移。如:
      Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗?
      Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事?

      3.用作插入语时,否定不转移。如:
      Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。
      Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。
      Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。

      4.动词前有其他副词修饰时,否定不转移。如:
      I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。
      I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。

      5.动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。
      I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。
      She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。
      He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。
      He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。

      6.当宾语从句中含的否定为“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如:
      I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。
      I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。
      I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。

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