(8)c/d=a/b 等同于ad=bc.
(9)不必是在同一平面内的三角形里
①相似三角形对应角相等，对应边成比例.
②相似三角形对应高的比，对应中线的比和对应角平分线的比都等于相似比.
③相似三角形周长的比等于相似比

定理推论：
推论一：顶角或底角相等的两个等腰三角形相似。
推论二：腰和底对应成比例的两个等腰三角形相似。
推论三：有一个锐角相等的两个直角三角形相似。
推论四：直角三角形被斜边上的高分成的两个直角三角形和原三角形都相似。
推论五：如果一个三角形的两边和其中一边上的中线与另一个三角形的对应部分成比例，那么这两个三角形相似。
推论六：如果一个三角形的两边和第三边上的中线与另一个三角形的对应部分成比例，那么这两个三角形相似。

考点名称：解直角三角形

• 概念：
  在直角三角形中，除直角外，一共有五个元素，即三条边和两个锐角，由直角三角形中除直角外的已知元素，求出所有未知元素的过程叫做解直角三角形。
  
  解直角三角形的边角关系：
  在Rt△ABC中，∠C=90°，∠A，∠B，∠C所对的边分别为a，b，c，
  （1）三边之间的关系：（勾股定理）；
  （2）锐角之间的关系：∠A+∠B=90°；
  （3）边角之间的关系：。

• 解直角三角形的函数值:
  

  锐角三角函数：
  sinA=a/c,cosA=b/c,tanA=a/b,cotA=b/a
  （1）互余角的三角函数值之间的关系：
  若∠ A+∠ B=90°，那么sinA=cosB或sinB=cosA
  （2）同角的三角函数值之间的关系：
  ①sin²A+cos²A=1
  ②tanA=sinA/cosA
  ③tanA=1/tanB
  ④a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC
  （3）锐角三角函数随角度的变化规律：
  锐角∠A的tan值和sin值随着角度的增大而增大，cos值随着角度的增大而减小。

• 解直角三角形的应用：
  一般步骤是：
  （1）将实际问题抽象为数学问题（画图，转化为直角三角形的问题）；
  （2）根据题目的条件，适当选择锐角三角函数等去解三角形；
  （3）得到数学问题的答案；
  （4）还原为实际问题的答案。

• 解直角三角形的函数值列举：
  sin1=0.01745240643728351 sin2=0.03489949670250097 sin3=0.05233595624294383
  sin4=0.0697564737441253 sin5=0.08715574274765816 sin6=0.10452846326765346
  sin7=0.12186934340514747 sin8=0.13917310096006544 sin9=0.15643446504023087
  sin10=0.17364817766693033 sin11=0.1908089953765448 sin12=0.20791169081775931
  sin13=0.22495105434386497 sin14=0.24192189559966773 sin15=0.25881904510252074
  sin16=0.27563735581699916 sin17=0.2923717047227367 sin18=0.3090169943749474
  sin19=0.3255681544571567 sin20=0.3420201433256687 sin21=0.35836794954530027
  sin22=0.374606593415912 sin23=0.3907311284892737 sin24=0.40673664307580015
  sin25=0.42261826174069944 sin26=0.4383711467890774 sin27=0.45399049973954675
  sin28=0.4694715627858908 sin29=0.48480962024633706 sin30=0.49999999999999994
  sin31=0.5150380749100542 sin32=0.5299192642332049 sin33=0.544639035015027
  sin34=0.5591929034707468 sin35=0.573576436351046 sin36=0.5877852522924731
  sin37=0.6018150231520483 sin38=0.6156614753256583 sin39=0.6293203910498375
  sin40=0.6427876096865392 sin41=0.6560590289905073 sin42=0.6691306063588582
  sin43=0.6819983600624985 sin44=0.6946583704589972 sin45=0.7071067811865475
  sin46=0.7193398003386511 sin47=0.7313537016191705 sin48=0.7431448254773941
  sin49=0.7547095802227719 sin50=0.766044443118978 sin51=0.7771459614569708
  sin52=0.7880107536067219 sin53=0.7986355100472928 sin54=0.8090169943749474
  sin55=0.8191520442889918 sin56=0.8290375725550417 sin57=0.8386705679454239
  sin58=0.848048096156426 sin59=0.8571673007021122 sin60=0.8660254037844386
  sin61=0.8746197071393957 sin62=0.8829475928589269 sin63=0.8910065241883678
  sin64=0.898794046299167 sin65=0.9063077870366499 sin66=0.9135454576426009
  sin67=0.9205048534524404 sin68=0.9271838545667873 sin69=0.9335804264972017
  sin70=0.9396926207859083 sin71=0.9455185755993167 sin72=0.9510565162951535
  sin73=0.9563047559630354 sin74=0.9612616959383189 sin75=0.9659258262890683
  sin76=0.9702957262759965 sin77=0.9743700647852352 sin78=0.9781476007338057
  sin79=0.981627183447664 sin80=0.984807753012208 sin81=0.9876883405951378
  sin82=0.9902680687415704 sin83=0.992546151641322 sin84=0.9945218953682733
  sin85=0.9961946980917455 sin86=0.9975640502598242 sin87=0.9986295347545738
  sin88=0.9993908270190958 sin89=0.9998476951563913
  sin90=1

  cos1=0.9998476951563913 cos2=0.9993908270190958 cos3=0.9986295347545738
  cos4=0.9975640502598242 cos5=0.9961946980917455 cos6=0.9945218953682733
  cos7=0.992546151641322 cos8=0.9902680687415704 cos9=0.9876883405951378
  cos10=0.984807753012208 cos11=0.981627183447664 cos12=0.9781476007338057
  cos13=0.9743700647852352 cos14=0.9702957262759965 cos15=0.9659258262890683
  cos16=0.9612616959383189 cos17=0.9563047559630355 cos18=0.9510565162951535
  cos19=0.9455185755993168 cos20=0.9396926207859084 cos21=0.9335804264972017
  cos22=0.9271838545667874 cos23=0.9205048534524404 cos24=0.9135454576426009
  cos25=0.9063077870366499 cos26=0.898794046299167 cos27=0.8910065241883679
  cos28=0.882947592858927 cos29=0.8746197071393957 cos30=0.8660254037844387
  cos31=0.8571673007021123 cos32=0.848048096156426 cos33=0.838670567945424
  cos34=0.8290375725550417 cos35=0.8191520442889918 cos36=0.8090169943749474
  cos37=0.7986355100472928 cos38=0.7880107536067219 cos39=0.7771459614569709
  cos40=0.766044443118978 cos41=0.754709580222772 cos42=0.7431448254773942
  cos43=0.7313537016191705 cos44=0.7193398003386512 cos45=0.7071067811865476
  cos46=0.6946583704589974 cos47=0.6819983600624985 cos48=0.6691306063588582
  cos49=0.6560590289905074 cos50=0.6427876096865394 cos51=0.6293203910498375
  cos52=0.6156614753256583 cos53=0.6018150231520484 cos54=0.5877852522924731
  cos55=0.5735764363510462 cos56=0.5591929034707468 cos57=0.5446390350150272
  cos58=0.5299192642332049 cos59=0.5150380749100544 cos60=0.5000000000000001
  cos61=0.4848096202463371 cos62=0.46947156278589086 cos63=0.4539904997395468
  cos64=0.43837114678907746 cos65=0.42261826174069944 cos66=0.4067366430758004
  cos67=0.3907311284892737 cos68=0.3746065934159122 cos69=0.35836794954530015
  cos70=0.3420201433256688 cos71=0.32556815445715675 cos72=0.30901699437494745
  cos73=0.29237170472273677 cos74=0.27563735581699916 cos75=0.25881904510252074
  cos76=0.24192189559966767 cos77=0.22495105434386514 cos78=0.20791169081775923
  cos79=0.19080899537654491 cos80=0.17364817766693041 cos81=0.15643446504023092
  cos82=0.13917310096006546 cos83=0.12186934340514749 cos84=0.10452846326765346
  cos85=0.08715574274765836 cos86=0.06975647374412523 cos87=0.052335956242943966
  cos88=0.03489949670250108 cos89=0.0174524064372836
  cos90=0

  tan1=0.017455064928217585 tan2=0.03492076949174773 tan3=0.052407779283041196
  tan4=0.06992681194351041 tan5=0.08748866352592401 tan6=0.10510423526567646
  tan7=0.1227845609029046 tan8=0.14054083470239145 tan9=0.15838444032453627
  tan10=0.17632698070846497 tan11=0.19438030913771848 tan12=0.2125565616700221
  tan13=0.2308681911255631 tan14=0.24932800284318068 tan15=0.2679491924311227
  tan16=0.2867453857588079 tan17=0.30573068145866033 tan18=0.3249196962329063
  tan19=0.34432761328966527 tan20=0.36397023426620234 tan21=0.3838640350354158
  tan22=0.4040262258351568 tan23=0.4244748162096047 tan24=0.4452286853085361
  tan25=0.4663076581549986 tan26=0.4877325885658614 tan27=0.5095254494944288