4.6.2 Shallow Copy and Deep Copy 110
4.7 Arrays of Objects 118
4.7.1 Initialize an Object Array by Using a Default Constructor 118
4.7.2 Initialize an Object Array by Using Constructors with Parameters 121
4.8 Friends 122
4.8.1 Friend Functions 122
4.8.2 Friend Classes 125
4.9 Case Study: Advance of the GradeBook Class 126
Word Tips 132
Exercises 132
Chapter 5 Operator Overloading 137
5.1 Introduction to Operator Overloading 137
5.2 Operator Functions 138
5.2.1 Overloaded Operators 138
5.2.2 Operator Functions 138
5.3 Binary and Unary Operators 142
5.3.1 Overloading Binary Operators 142
5.3.2 Overloading Unary Operators 143
5.4 Overloading Combinatorial Operators 147
5.5 Mixed Arithmetic of User-Defined Types 151
5.6 Type Conversion of User-Defined Types 152
5.6.1 Converting a Built-In Type to a User-Defined Type 152
5.6.2 Converting User-Defined Types to Built-In Types 153
5.7 Case Study: A MyInteger Class 155
Word Tips 160
Exercises 160
Chapter 6 Inheritance 163
6.1 Class Hierarchies 163
6.2 Derived Classes 164
6.2.1 Declaration of Derived Classes 164
6.2.2 Structure of Derived Classes 165
6.3 Constructors and Destructors of Derived Classes 168
6.3.1 Constructors of Derived Classes 168
6.3.2 Destructors of Derived Classes 171
6.3.3 The Calling Order of Derived Class Objects 172
6.3.4 Inheritance and Composition 175
6.4 Member Functions of Derived Classes 175
6.4.1 Defining a Member Function 175
6.4.2 Overriding Member Functions 177
6.5 Access Control 179
6.5.1 Access Control in Classes 179
6.5.2 Access to Base Classes 180
6.6 Multiple Inheritance 184
6.6.1 Declaration of Multiple Inheritance 185
6.6.2 Constructors of Multiple Inheritance 187
6.7 Virtual Inheritance 188
6.7.1 Multiple Inheritance Ambiguities 188
6.7.2 Trying to Solve Inheritance Ambiguities 189
6.7.3 Virtual Base Classes 191
6.7.4 Constructing Objects of Multiple Inheritance 194
6.8 Case Study: The iWatch Class 195
Word Tips 201
Exercises 202
Chapter 7 Polymorphism and Virtual Functions 212
7.1 Polymorphism 212
7.1.1 Introduction to Polymorphism 212
7.1.2 Binding 213
7.2 Virtual Functions 216
7.2.1 Definition of Virtual Functions 216
7.2.2 Extensibility 219
7.2.3 Principle of Virtual Functions 221
7.2.4 Virtual Destructors 223
7.2.5 Function Overloading and Function Overriding 224
7.3 Abstract Base Classes 227
7.4 Case Study: A Mini System 230
Word Tips 235
Exercises 235
Chapter 8 Templates 241
8.1 Introduction to Templates 241
8.2 Function Templates 242
8.2.1 Definition of Function Templates 242
8.2.2 Function Template Instantiation 244
8.2.3 Function Template with Different Parameter Types 246
8.2.4 Function Template Overloading 247
8.3 Class Templates 248
8.3.1 Definition of Class Templates 248
8.3.2 Class Template Instantiation 251
8.4 Non-Type Parameters for Templates 253
8.5 Derivation and Class Templates 255
8.6 Case Study: A Vector Class Template 256
Word Tips 262
Exercises 262
References 264

C++面向对象程序设计双语教程(第3版)/刘嘉敏等 作者简介

刘嘉敏，现为国际SCI期刊论文评阅人。承担计算机专业硕士研究生、本科生专业课和专业基础课十多年，主持和参与辽宁省教和校级教改项目，获了省教改项目二等奖，并发表数篇教改论文。出版了全英文撰写的《C 面向对象程序设计双语教程》教材。数年从事布局优化、计算机图形学与虚拟现实的研究，曾主持和参与10多项辽宁省科技厅、省教育厅、市科委及地方企业的科研项目，并在国内外重要及核心期刊和国际会议发表学术论文30余篇，数篇论文被SCI和EI检索。

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