京成内外-老北京的故事 作者：张本瀛 开 本：32开 书号ISBN：9787112087969 定价：39.0 出版时间：2007-12-01 出版社：中国建筑工业出版社

有作为的封建帝王。在位60余年间，他相
继平定新疆准噶尔部阿睦尔撒纳和天山南
路大、小和卓的叛乱，在喀什噶尔(今新
疆喀什)等地设立参赞、办事、领队大臣
等，击溃入侵西藏的廓尔喀(今尼泊尔王
国)侵略军，颁布《钦定西藏章程》，一
系列加强中央集权制的政治举措使清代在
乾隆统治的半个多世纪里，实现了人民盼
望已久的稳定统一与经济繁荣，出现了
“乾隆盛世”。国家总体实力大幅提高为营
造古典皇家园林奠定了良好的基础。
  乾隆继位以前，在北京西郊一带，
已建起了畅春园、圆明园、静明园、静
宜园四座大型皇家园林，但四座园林之
间缺乏有机的联系，因此，乾隆决定在
中间的“瓮山泊”一带兴建清漪园。万
寿山古称瓮山，山下之湖名瓮山泊，明
代被喻为杭州西湖，称为“西湖景”，这
里山青水秀，每至盛夏，十里荷花香气
袭人，引来不少文人墨客的登临，留下
了许多优美诗篇。
    “清漪园”始建于清乾隆十五年
(1750年)，于乾隆二十九年(1764年)
正式竣工，共耗费白银448万两。据史
料记载，为修建“清漪园”，清朝政府曾
下令从全国各省征集大批身怀绝技的工
匠来到京城。“清漪园”的完成标志着
“三山五园”格局(香山、玉泉山、万寿
山、圆明园、畅舂园、清漪园、静明园、
静宜园)的*终完成。“清漪园”落成以
后，乾隆与母亲钮祜禄氏便将这里作为
了消暑纳凉的胜地。在地理位置上，“清
漪园”与“圆明园”相距不远，故而乾
隆一般早晨在“圆明园”用早膳，之后
便在心腹大臣的前呼后拥之下，乘轿子
and best reserved imperial garden.
Emperor Qianlong and the Garden of
Clear Ripples
  Emperor Qianlong is an outstanding monarch
in the history of Qing Dynasty. In the 60 years
when he reigned the country, he pacificated the
rebellion of Amu'ersana and the Brother Hezhuo
in Xinjiang. He later assigned counsellor and
other governers in Kashige' er of Xinjiang
Province. He also smashed the invasion of the
army from Gurkha, and issued the roles of Sitsang.
His measures to hold centralism were effective
and the stableness, prosperity and the great power
of the country was the basics of building such a
classic imperial garden.
  Before Emperor Qianglong enthronement, four
imperial gardens have been built. They were the
Park of Everlasting Spring, Park of Perfection
and Brightness, Park of Tranquillity and Plea-
sure in the Fragrance Hill, Park of Tranquillity
and Brightness in the Jade Fountain Hill, but
these gardens were built without relations. As a
result, Emperor Qianglong decided to build the
Garden of Clear Ripples near Wengshan Lake
which was at the foot of the Longevity Mountain
originally called Wengshan(Jar Mountain). In
Ming Dynasty, this place was called the Scene of
West Lake because the landscape was as elegant
as the West Lake in Kangzhou. In summer, lots
of poets and writers were attracted by the fra-
grance of water lily and great numbers of beau-
tiful poems have been produced.
  The construction of the Garden of Clear Ripples
first started in 1750, and finished in 1764. It cost-

或骑着一匹四蹄雪白、体格高大的枣红
马至“清漪园”，或泛龙舟于昆明湖中，
或漫步于各处景观，诗兴大发时便摆上
文房四宝，挥笔泼墨赋诗吟词。有时候，
乾隆也直接从紫禁城经由西直门来到
“清漪园”，这时候内务府就要派出大量
杂役提前在行经之处铺上薄薄一层细黄
土，然后再撒上清水以防灰尘扬起。夏
秋时节，多由水路乘龙船经长河到达
“清漪园”的昆明湖码头。每次在“清漪
园”尽情吃喝玩乐到夕阳西下之后，乾
隆才返回“圆明园”正大光明殿下榻。
    “清漪园”作为东方古典皇家园林
力作，集中体现了中华民族古典园林艺
术的传统文化精髓，并展示了劳动人民
的聪明智慧和艺术才华。游客置身园
中，既能感受到自然风光之奇妙，又可
领略诸多景观中的厚重文化底蕴。在营
建“清漪园”的过程中，设计者认真研
究借鉴元代科学家郭守敬的治水模式，
将玉泉山山泉引入昆明湖，扩大和疏浚
昆明湖一带的河道与灌溉设施，这样不
仅有利于漕运、农业开发，还为西郊一
带营造了湿润的小气候。
4480000 Liangs silver. According to historical
records, the government employed skillful arti-
sans all over the country to build the Garden of
Clear Ripples. The finish of this project meant
the completion of the layout of three mountains
and five gardens. After the Garden of Clear
Ripples was completed, Emperor Qianlong and
his mother used this place to escape the sunstroke.
As far as geography is concerned, the Garden of
Clear Ripples is not far from Yuanmingyuan(the
Park of Perfection and Brightness), so after Em-

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