意识与情绪 节选

《神经科学百科全书12·意识与情绪(导读版)》主要内容简介：《神经科学百科全书》原书篇幅巨大，为所有神经科学百科全书之首。由来自世界各地的2400多位专家撰稿人合力打造，覆盖了神经科学全部主要领域。每个词条在收入书中之前均经过顾问委员会的同行评议，词条中均含有词汇表、引言、参考文献和丰富的交叉参考内容。主编为著名神经科学家、美国神经科学学会前主席Larry R.Squire。内容平易，本科生即可读懂。深度和广度独一无二，足可满足专家学者的需要。导读版精选原书中的部分主题，按内容重新编排，更适合国内读者购买和阅读。

意识与情绪 相关资料

插图：Although most studies examining emotional arousalor stress effects on memory consolidation investigatedthe effects of adrenal stress hormones, emotional arous-al is known to induce the release of a variety of neuro-modulatory hormones within the brain, includingopioid peptides, r-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, vaso-pressin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）.Importantly, many findings have shown that intra-BLA infusions of drugs that either mimic or block theaction of these transmitter systems enhance or impairmemory for emotionally arousing training. Moreover,disruption of BLA activity prevents these drugs frominfluencing memory consolidation. One transmittersystem that is of particular interest is CRH. CRH is aneuropeptide that is released by emotional arousal intothe hypothalamus and plays a crucial role in regulatingactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocorticalaxis and circulating glucocorticoid levels. However,CRH is also released in extra-hypothalamic sites, in-cluding the amygdala as well as several other brainregions, in response to arousing or stressful stimula-tion. Blockade of endogenous CRH in the BLA withinfusions of a CRH receptor antagonist impairs mem-ory for emotionally arousing training, whereas infu-sions of CRH dose-dependently enhance memoryconsolidation. Furthermore, CRH is known also tointeract with noradrenergic mechanisms in the BLA ininfluencing memory consolidation. Thus, this evidenceindicates that BLA activation by emotional arousal isa general gateway in mediating stress hormone andneurotransmitter effects on memory consolidation.

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