题文

阅读理解。

Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry. In the past, when more Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Often too, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot be moved from place to place as smaller families can. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.         In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.

1. Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?

[     ]

A. Development of science and industry in America. B. Influence of science and industry on American families. C. Harmful effect of industrialization. D. Social problems resulting from the highly developed science and industry in America.

2. What kinds of families are described in the passage ?

[     ]

A. Families of the past. B. Families of the present and of the future. C. Families of the past and of the future. D. Families of the past, the present and the future.

3. According to the writer, what is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America?

[     ]

A. Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up. B. People stop caring for having children. C. The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing. D. Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.

4. Who will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future?

[     ]

A. Most families. B. All families. C. Social workers. D. A small number of families.

5. What can you infer (推断) from the passage?

[     ]

A. Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split (破裂). B. Children do not live with their parents or grandparents. C. Large families can hardly survive (幸存) in modern society. D. Americans are very choosy with their jobs.

题型：阅读理解  难度：偏难

答案

1-5: B D C D C

据专家权威分析，试题“阅读理解。 Great changes have been made in family life becau..”主要考查你对  社会现象类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

社会现象类阅读

考点名称：社会现象类阅读

• 社会现象类阅读：
  这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。
  题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。

• 描述社会现象英语：
  安居工程 housing project for low-income families
  安居小区 a neighborhood for low-income families
  保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment
  补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金 All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.
  裁定保险赔偿 adjudication of benefits
  城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents
  城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas
  城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees
  大力推行个人助学信贷 Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.
  待业人员 job seekers
  待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job
  单亲家庭 single parent family
  定向培训 training for specific posts
  独生子女 the only child
  对保障方案进行精算评估 Security programs should undergo actuarial review.
  对口扶贫 provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions
  福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with
  岗位培训 on-job training
  个人自愿计划 voluntary private plans
  工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system
  工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system
  关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood
  关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.
  关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.
  国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises
  过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level
  合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure
  后勤服务社会化 make logistic services independent in their operation
  基本养老金basic pensions
  计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
  加快住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
  加强计划生育工作 further improve family planning
  加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
  家庭美德 family virtues
  建立集体合同制度to establish a group contract system
  建立市场导向的就业机制to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism
  建立新型的劳动关系to establish a new type of labor relations
  教育程度 educational status; education received