题文

Now, more and more cities are facing problems, such as high housing costs, pollution and crime. Let’s see what people in Hyderabad, India and in Sao Paulo, Brazil do to solve (解决) the problems. Hyderabad, India To improve people’s lives, Hyderabad is planting more and more trees. The city is even creating greener buildings that use less water and less electricity for power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. For example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and dirty in the past. However, today they are filled with trees and flowers, making the city cleaner and more colourful. Green areas also give people places to relax or exercise. A study in the USA shows an interesting thing: the greener a neighborhood is, the less crime there is. Sao Paulo, Brazil Many people work in the centre of Sao Paulo, but they don’t live there. They’ve spread out to neighborhoods outside the city because housing is cheaper. Every day, these people travel into the city, and traffic is very heavy. City planners are using different ways to deal with (处理) the problem. First, they are building better subways. Another goal is to make it cheaper for people to live in the downtown area (中心区). Doing this will reduce traffic and pollution in the city. 小题1:What does the underlined word “greener” mean? A．Taller. B．Easier. C．Better for the environment. D．More brightly coloured. 小题2:Which advantage of making Hyderabad greener is NOT talked about in the passage? A．It helps people work better. B．It makes the city cleaner. C．It reduces crime. D．It makes it easier to exercise. 小题3:According to the passage, what problem does Sao Paulo have? A．A lot of people don’t have jobs. B．Too many people live in the city centre. C．A lot of people are moving out of the city. D．Too many people travel into the city every day.

题型：阅读理解  难度：中档

答案

小题1:C 小题2:A 小题3:D

本短文以两个城市为例，对如何优化城市环境，作了介绍。Hyderabad, India发展绿化，创造了更绿、更美、更和谐的城市。Sao Paulo, Brazil用建地铁、降低房价等办法来削减交通的拥挤。 小题1:green此处是“环保”之意。 小题2:从短文第二段里Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. 这句后面，可知：B、C、D三项都曾出现，均排除。 小题3:第三段City planners are using different ways to deal with the problem. 这句中的难题，就是前面提到的heavy traffic。

据专家权威分析，试题“Now, more and more cities are facing problems, such as high ..”主要考查你对  社会现象类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

社会现象类阅读

考点名称：社会现象类阅读

• 社会现象类阅读：
  这类文章通过写人记事来揭示文章的主题，显示其社会意义，一般采用顺序或倒叙来叙述。
  题目经常是一些细节问题。考查的方面可以是原因和其中引发的思考。阅读这类文章要理清思路。

• 描述社会现象英语：
  安居工程 housing project for low-income families
  安居小区 a neighborhood for low-income families
  保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment
  补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金 All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.
  裁定保险赔偿 adjudication of benefits
  城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents
  城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas
  城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees
  大力推行个人助学信贷 Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.
  待业人员 job seekers
  待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job
  单亲家庭 single parent family
  定向培训 training for specific posts
  独生子女 the only child
  对保障方案进行精算评估 Security programs should undergo actuarial review.
  对口扶贫 provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions
  福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with
  岗位培训 on-job training
  个人自愿计划 voluntary private plans
  工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system
  工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system
  关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood
  关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.
  关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.
  国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises
  过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level
  合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure
  后勤服务社会化 make logistic services independent in their operation
  基本养老金basic pensions
  计划生育责任制 responsibility system of family planning
  加快住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
  加强计划生育工作 further improve family planning
  加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
  家庭美德 family virtues
  建立集体合同制度to establish a group contract system
  建立市场导向的就业机制to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism
  建立新型的劳动关系to establish a new type of labor relations
  教育程度 educational status; education received