改错题。 I went out to see a film with my brother after sup-per. On our way to the cinema, we meet an Americangirl named Alice, she had got lost and looked very-九年级英语
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
she
it
him
her
it
they
them
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es
一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如:
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如:
①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。
②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。
考点名称:疑问代词
疑问代词:
疑问代词在句中起名词的作用,用来构成疑问句。常用的疑问代词有:
what, who, whose, whom, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前,没有词性和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。
what, which, whose还可作限定词。
Whose books are these on the desk?
桌上的书是谁的?
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion?
美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的?
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?
哪些事件使密西西比河以东的大部分土地归属于美国?
疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个:
指 人: who, whom, whose
指 物: what
既可指人又可指物: which疑问代词说明:
一、无论是做疑问代词还是限定词,which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的,而which则指在一定的范围内,例如:
Which girls do you like best?
你喜欢哪几个姑娘?
What girls do you like best?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘?二、Whom是who的宾格,在书面语中,它作动词宾语或介词宾语,在口语中作宾语时,可用who代替,但在介词后只能用whom, 例如:
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语)
Who(m) are you taking the book to?
你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语,置介词 后,不能用who取代。)三、疑问代词用于对介词宾语提问时,过去的文体中介词和疑问代词通常一起放在句首,现代英语中,疑问代词在句首,介词在句未,例如:
For what do most people live and work?大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(旧文体)
What are you looking for?你在找什么?(现代英语)四、疑问代词还可引导名词性从句,例如:
I can't make out what he is driving at.
我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed?
你能告诉我床上的蓝衬衣是谁的吗?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你说的我大部分同意,但并不完全赞同。- 疑问代词用法:
1. 疑问代词有who, whom, whose, which和what, 都是用来构成疑问句的:
Who is calling? 谁打电话来?
Whom do you want to speak to? 你想找谁接电话?
作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom,在口语中用who作宾语时也不少:
Who did you mean? 你指的是谁?
Who are you talking about? 你们在讲谁?
直接跟在介词后时只能用whom:
With whom did you come? 你和谁一道来的?
(口语中说“Who did you come with?时更多一些。)
2. 其他三个疑问代词可用作:
1)主语:
What’s your address? 你的地址怎样写?
Whose is better? 谁的好一些?
Which of these is yours? 哪一本是你的?
2)宾语:
What do you mean? 你是什么意思?
Which do you like better? 哪一个你更喜欢一些?
Whose have you chosen? 你选了谁的?
3)表语:
What’s her name? 她叫什么名字?
Whose is it? 这是谁的?
4)定语(这样用时有些字典标作形容词):
What time does the train leave? 这列火车什么时候离开?
Which room shall we stay in? 我们住哪间房?
Whose passport is this? 这是谁的护照?
考点名称:关系代词
- 关系代词:
用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。
关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分,它在先行词和定语之间起纽带作用。
主要的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which和that。
①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;
whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;
whose在定语 从句中作定语,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物。
例如:The teacher who/whom you want to see has come.
②which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:Here is the coat which will be made to you.
③that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:I have eaten bread that/which he gave to me. 关系代词的基本用法:
(1)引导定语从句
关系代词代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:
The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。
(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)
This is the pencil whose point is broken.这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。
(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)
He came back for the book which he had forgotten.他重新回来都忘记了他的那本书。
(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)
(2)which为其先行词。例如:
He said he saw me there, which was a lie.他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。
(3)其他用法
关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如:
I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了。
He's changed. He's not the man he was.他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。
注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。
非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。关系代词的语法注意:
1.常用that 不用which的情况:
①先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, something等时。
I will do all (that) I can to help you.
②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the very等所修饰时。
He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year.
③先行词既有人,又有物时
They talked about the people and the things (that)they remembered in the school.
④当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句用that 引导, 以避免重复。
Who is the boy that was here just now?
2. 若被修饰的名词充当从句介词宾语时
介词可提前于引导词之前,此时的引导词只能用whom 或which.
The pencil with which he was writing broke.
3. 当先行词为way时
其后的定语从句用in which或 that引导,也可不用引导词。
I don’t like the way (in which/that) he talks to me.used to/be used to的分别:
①used to + do:"过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。
Mother used not to be so forgetful.
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