How many _____ are there on the table?[ ]A. waterB. cup of waterC. bottles of water-八年级英语

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eg: a loaf of bread 一条面包    
a bar of soap 一块肥皂    
a tin of tobacco 一听/罐烟丝
④basket(篮)、bag(袋)、box(箱,盒)
eg: a basket of food 一篮食物   
five bags of rice 五袋大米    
a box of wine 一箱白酒
⑤kilo(公斤)、pound(磅)
eg: a pound of sugar 一磅糖    
two kilos of meat 二公斤肉    
half a pound of coffee 半磅咖啡
a quarter of a pound of cheese 四分之一磅奶酪
a quarter of a kilo of rice 半斤大米

  • 不可数名词记忆歌诀:
    不可数名词很特殊,
    六点用法应记清楚:
    一是没有复数形式,
    二作主语谓须单数①,
    三是其前不用a(an),
    四是修饰不用基数②,
    五可much, some和any来修饰,
    六表数量用“计量+of”短语③。
    [说明]:
    ①不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数,如:There is some milk in the bottle.
    ②不可数名词不可直接用不定冠词和基数词直接修饰,但可用some、any和much等词修饰;
    ③当表示不可数名词的数量时,其前应用“计量名词+of”短语,注意计量名词有复数形式。如:I’d like two cups of tea.

  • 不可数名词复数形式的特殊含义:
    英语中的专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词一般为不可数名词,但有时它们却可用作复数形式。
    此时它们往往又有了新的含义。
    一、专有名词的复数形式的含义
    1.表示一家人或夫妻。例如:
    Are the Smiths coming to our party tomorrow night?史密斯一家明晚会来参加我们的聚会吗?
    2.表示同名或同姓的若干人。例如:
    There are two Marys and three Roberts in his class.他班上有两个玛丽和三个罗伯特。
     Did the Mr. Blakes come this morning?那几位布莱克先生今天上午来了吗?

    二、物质名词的复数形式的含义
    1.表示不同的种类,如food,wine,metal, wheat,rice等。例如:
    The wines of France are among the best in the world.法国的葡萄酒是世界上最好的,
    First of all,he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden。
    首先他列出了一长串禁用的食品。
    2.表示量很大,远远超过该词原来表示的程度或次数。这一类词常见的有:
    sands(沙滩,沙漠),waters(水域),rains(大阵雨、雨季),winds(大风),times(时代), woods(森林),ruins(废墟),rags(碎片、破衣服),ashes(灰烬、骨灰)。例如:
    The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops.上涨的河水给庄稼造成了很大的损害。
    These caves collapse easily in heavy rains.下大雨时这些洞穴容易倒塌。
    The children are playing on the sands.孩子们在沙滩上玩。
    3.某些表示饮料名称的物质名词往往以复数形式代替单位词。这类词有:coffees,teas等。例如:
    The waitress has served twenty teas since four o’clock.从四点起,这位女服务员已上了二十份午茶。
    Send two coffees and three lemonades to the room.请将两杯咖啡和三杯柠檬汁送到这个房间。
    4.某些物质名词又是个体名词,它们的复数形式表示与原来个体完全不同的东西。这类词有:
    glasses(眼镜、玻璃杯), irons(熨斗),coppers(铜币),papers(文章,
    证件)等。例如:
    She is always wearing glasses.她总是戴着眼镜。
    He wrote many papers for the newspaper.他为这份报纸写过许多文章。

    三、抽象名词的复效形式的含义
    1.congratulations, regards, respects,thanks,wishes,apologies等复数形式用来
    表示祝愿、礼貌和客气。例如:
    It’s your birthday today.Congratulations!今天是你的生日,恭喜你!
    You’ve given me so much help.Thanks a lot.你给了我很多帮助,非常感谢。
    2.smiles, pities, fears, hopes, kindnesses复数形式表示强调。例如:
    He was all smiles.他满脸笑容。
    It is a thousand pities.非常遗憾。
    I have received many kindnesses from him.他对我非常好。
    Great fears are felt for the safety of the missing climbers.人们对失踪的登山者的安全权为担忧。
    3.抽象名词具体化。有些抽象名词的复数形式表示具体的事物,如:
    cares(烦人的事),anxieties(令人着急的事),worries(使人发愁的事),difficulties(难题),joys(使人高兴的事),failures(失败的事,失败的人),friendships(表示友谊的事例)等。例如:
    After listening to his advice,she had no more anxieties.听了他的建议,她不再有发愁的事了。
    His friendships never last very long.他与别人的交情从来都不长久。
    After many failures,they finally succeeded.经过多次失败之后,他们最后成功了。
    4.某些抽象名词在某种场合是个体名词,它们的复数形式表示与该个体名词不同的意义,如:
    youths(男青年、小伙子), relations(亲属), beauties(美人),necessities(必需品)等。例如:
    Twenty youths attended the meeting yesterday.二十个男青年出席了昨天的会议。
    All his poor relations came to spend their holidays at his home.他所有的穷亲戚都在他家过节。

  • 考点名称:量词

    • 量词:
      通常用来表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词,叫做量词。
      例如:a bag of (rice), a piece of (news), a cup of (tea)

    • 量词特点:
      在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:a group of,a flock of, a bunch of,a bundle of等等.
      量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:

      特点一:
      英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
      1.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:
      a couple of(两个、一对)
      a couple of days,
      a couple of players,
      a couple of times;
      a cupful of(一满杯)
      a cupful of jelly,
      a cupful of water;
      a portion of(一份/客)
      a portion of duck,
      a portion of roast beef。
      2.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:
      a majority of(大多数/大半)
      a majority of opinions,
      a majority of votes;
      an atom of(一点)
      an atom of food,
      an atom of truth;
      a spell of(一阵/一段时间)
      a spell of fine weather,
      a spell of coughing。
      3.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:
      a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),
      a flood of tears(泪如泉涌);
      a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),
      a heap of customers(许多顾客);
      a mountain of—a mountain of debts(债台高筑),
      a mountain of difficulties(困难重重)。
      4.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:
      a drop of—a drop of fever(有点热度),
      a drop of dew(一点露水);
      a particle of—a particle of feeling(一丝感情),
      a particle of dust(一点灰尘);
      a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一点怀疑),
      a shadow of freedom(一点自由)。

      特点二:
      有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。
      1.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
      a bit of—a bit of English(一点英语),
      a bit of good advice(一些好意见),
      a bit of interest(一点兴趣);
      a shred of—a shred of evidence(一点证据),
      a shred of cloth(少量布),
      a shred of reputation(一点声誉),
      a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一块玻璃),
      a sheet of water(一片汪洋)。
      2.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
      a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),
      a cluster of spectators(一群观众),
      a cluster of bright stars(闪烁群星);
      a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),
      a string of curses(连续不断的咒骂),
      a string of excuses(一连串借口);
      a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),
      a scram of geese(一群鹅),
      a scram of children(一群孩子)。
      3.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:
      a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂),
      a body of cold air(一股冷空气),
      a body of facts(许多事实);
      a block of—a block of ice(一大块冰),
      a block of flats(一幢公寓),
      a block of houses(一排房子);
      a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),
      a chain of accidents(一连串事故),
      a chain of proof(一连串证据)。

      特点三:
      有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。
      1.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:
      a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),
      a barrel of crude oil(一桶原油);
      a basket of—a basket of eggs(一篮鸡蛋),
      a basket of apples(一篮苹果);
      a line of—a line of trees(一行树),
      a line of poetry(一行诗)。
      2.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:
      a piece of—a piece of paper(一张纸),
      a piece of furniture(一件家具),

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