句型转换。1. Mr Hu taught her math last year.(改为一般疑问句)_________Mr Hu_________her math last year?2. His friend posted the photos yesterday.(改为否定句-八年级英语

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Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗?(你现在不饿吗?)
Yes,I have. 是的,我已经吃过了。(已经吃饱了,不想再吃了。)
When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的?(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。)
I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。)
Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。
I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我过去常常一天干十四个小时。
I ate it at 6:45。我在六点四十五分吃了。

(3)带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时。如:
yesterday(昨天)、two days ago…(两天前…… )、last year…(去年…)、the other day(前几天)、
once upon a time(很久以前)、 just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前…)、
When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时…)、at+一个时间点
Did you have a party the other day?前几天,你们开了晚会了吗?
Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。
注:在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用过去时。

(4)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时。这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了。

(5)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always,never等连用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
(只是说明她过去的动作,不表明她现在是否常带着伞。)
比较:
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。
(说明这是她的习惯,表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)
Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太 总是带着一把伞。
(表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦)
I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。
(不涉及到现在,不说明现在是否喝酒)

(6)如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do(过去常常做,而现在不那样做了)
He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒。
(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)
I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。
(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)
比较:
I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。
(只是说明过去这一动作)

(7)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时。
I didn''t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。
(因为在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示。实际上,这句话暗指:But now I know you are here.)
I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
(这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)

  • 一般过去时三变技巧:
    一变:肯定句变为否定句
    技巧1.当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如:
    I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.
    技巧2.当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如:
    I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.
    技巧3.当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:
    The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.

    二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句
    技巧1.移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如:
    He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
    技巧2.添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如:
    Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?

    三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句
    技巧1.确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如:
    They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
    技巧2.辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如:
    The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen?

  • 考点名称:there be 句型

    • There be句型:
      是一常见的表示“存在”的句型。该结构不表示“存在”意义的现象又广见于书面语及口语,它以否定句的形式出现,用于对某一具体行为和抽象概念的否定。
      There在此结构中是引导词,已经没有副词“那里”的含义。
      There be 后面的名词是句子的主语,属倒装结构;
      1.There be 句型的否定句有两种构成方式,一种是将否定副词not放在be 之后,如:
      There isn’t a box in the room.房间里没有盒子。
      There aren’t any pens on the desk.课桌上没有钢笔。
      There hasn’t been any rain for a week.一周没下雨了。
      There won’t be a meeting today.今天没有会议。
      另一种是在主语前加上不定代词no , 如:
      There is no water in the bottle.瓶子里没有水。
      There are no pictures on the wall.墙上没有图画。
      There will be no one at home tomorrow morning.明天上午不会有人在家。
      There might be no money left。或许没有剩下什么钱。

      2.There be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在there 之前,回答时用yes或no,后接简单答语。如:
      Is there a cake on the table?桌子上有块蛋糕吗?
      Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.是,有。/ 不,没有。
      Will there be a party tonight?今晚有聚会吗?
      Yes,there will./ No, there won’t是的,有。/ 不,没有。
      Have there been any letters from your mother lately?近日你妈妈有信来吗?
      Yes,there have./ No, there haven’t.是,有的。/ 不,没有。

      3.There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much做引导词两种情况:
      How many students are there in your school?你们学校有多少学生?
      How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少钱?

      4.There be 句型的反意疑问句
      There is a cup on the table, isn’t there?桌子上有只杯子,是吗?
      There is some orange in the glass, isn’t there?杯子里有桔汁,是吗?
      There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there?邮筒里有很多信件,是吗?
      There will be a new hospital nearby, won’t there?附近要建一家新医院,是吗?

    • There be句型结构:
      1、There be 句型中的be 应和其后出现的主语在数上一致,即“近主原则”,如:
      There is a lamp on the table.
      There are some apples in the bowl.
      There are five books,two pens and a ruler in the school bag.
      There is a ruler,two pens and five books in the school bag.

      2、如果主语是复数名词,却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时,则仍用单数be形式,如:
      There is five hundred dollars to pay.
      There is still another 20 miles to drive.
      There is duck and green vegetables for supper.

      3、There be 中的be 有时可以是lie,stand,used to be,seem to be,appear to be 等,如:
      There lies a river to the south.
      There lived an old man in the small house.
      There stood a temple near the river.
      There used to be a castle at the foot of the hill.

      4、There is(was)+no +动词ing结构相当于It is(was) impossible to +动词原形,如:
      There is no going home. 回家是不可能了。
      There is no living with him. 不能和他同住了。
      There is no knowing what may happen. 不可能知道会发生什么事。

    • 和have的比较:
      1.区别点:there be 意为存在,强调某地有某物,不表示所属关系;have 表示所有关系, 强调某人或某地有某物,这是其基本用法。如:
      There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些树。
      Tom has many friends in China.汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
      2.相同点:在表示结构上的含有时,既可以用there be 句型,也可以用have(has) 来表示。如:
      There are many long rivers in China./China has many long rivers.中国有许多长河。
      How many days are there in March?/How many days has March?三月份有多少天?

      注意:
      There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语
      (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时 have\has + pp. 、used to结构等连用,注意其构成形式)。
      例如:
      There must be a pen in the box.
      There happened to be some money in my pocket.
      There is going to be a meeting tonight.
      There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.

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