变句型。1. The cat can swing. (一般疑问句)swing ?2. Those are young elephants. (单数).3. She does reading in the language lab. (否定句)Shereading in the -五年级英语

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代词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers.

  • 指示代词用法:
    1、this和these指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物,that和those指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。如:
    This is a pen and that’s an eraser. 这是一支笔,那是块橡皮擦。
    This is a boy and those are girls. 这是个男孩,那些是女孩。

    2、指示代词所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。如:
    I liked this movie today better than that concert last night.
    我喜欢今天的这个电影,胜过昨晚的那个音乐会。

    3、指示代词具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人也可指物。但是在相当于名词时一般指物多于指人。如:
    I found this wallet. I found this.我找到了这只皮夹子。我找到了这个。(this 等于 this wallet)
    Is she going to marry that man?她打算跟那人结婚吗?(that man不得用that代替,否则有轻蔑之意)

    4、相当于名词的指示代词在句中作主语时,则指物指人均可。如:
    What are these? 那些是什么?(指物)
    This is Bill. Is that George? 我是比尔。你是乔治吗?(电话用语)(指人)

    5、打电话过程中,介绍自己时通常用this指代“我”,不用代词I;询问对方时用that指代“你”,不用代词you。如:
    Hello. This is Mary. Who’s that? 喂,我是玛丽。你是谁?
    This is Tom. 我是汤姆。

    6、当指示代词所指的事物已确定时,后面的指示代词则用it或they代替。如:
    This (suit) is expensive, isn't it? 这套衣服昂贵,不是吗?
    "Are those yours?" "Yes, they are." “那些是你的吗?”“是的,它们是我的。”

  • 考点名称:疑问代词

    • 疑问代词:
      在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句,主要用于询问“何人”、“何事”、“什么”。
      常见的疑问代词如下表所示:

      疑问代词

      替代范围

      who

      whom

      whose

      which

      人、事、物

      what

      事、物

    考点名称:疑问副词

    • 疑问副词:
      用来引导特殊疑问句,表示时间,地点,方式,原因等,常见的有:when,where,how,why等。
      分类:
      时间副词:now, then, yesterday, always, already, soon
      地点副词:here, home, upstairs, nowhere, above, near, beyond
      方式副词:多数是形容词加上ly构成的,和一些well, fast, quick, slow, hard, alone, straight, wide
      在加词尾ly时要注意:
      (1)辅音+le:simple→simply, gentle→gently,
      (2)以ic结尾的词:classic→classical但是public→publicly
      (3)以辅音读音是[i]的y结尾的词:easy→easily
      (4)特例:full→fully, whole→wholly, true→truly
      程度副词,连接副词,关系副词
      much, enough, quite, hardly, almost, deeply
      疑问副词连接副词,关系副词:
      how,who,where

    • 疑问副词在句中的位置及用法举例:
      由于疑问副词后接疑问句,因此这些副词一般都位于句首。例如:
      How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学?
      Why do you dislike the game? 为什么你不喜欢这个游戏?

    • 疑问代词和疑问副词区别:
      1. 疑问代词做对陈述句的主语,宾语或定语提问,即做句子的主语,宾语或定语, 如:
      what, who/ whom, whose.
      eg. Who is talking ?
      What can you see?
      Whose shirt is this?

      2.疑问副词对时间,地点,方式等状语提问,如:
      when, where, how 等.
      eg. When is your birthday?
      Where are you going?
      How do you know?

    考点名称:肯定句

    • 对事物作出肯定判断的句子叫肯定句。
      对事物作出否定判断的句子叫否定句。
      结构:主语+谓语+其他 
      例:Tom played football yesterday afternoon. 汤姆昨天下午打篮球了。 
               This is my bedroom. 这是我的卧室。

    • 肯定句分类:
      A、使用“是”字句,也叫判断句。 
      B、使用一般的肯定句式。

    • 肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换:
      1、有am, is, are的句子,
      就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句)
      This is a book.
      第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book?
      第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?
      第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this?

      2、没有am, is, are的句子,
      肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形
      肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意:动词用原形
      肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤
      第一步:先变一般疑问句
      第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分
      第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。
      注意:一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。     

      3、划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。
      非单三时用do,单三时用does
      非单三:
      肯定句:I like English.
       一般疑问句:Do you like English?
      否定句:I do not like English.
      单三 :
      肯定句:He likes English.
      一般疑问句:Does he like English?
      否定句:He does not like English.
      就划线部分提问:
      I like English.
      第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?
      第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?
      第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What do you like?

      4、特殊:
      ①some变为any。如:
      There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.
      但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:
      Would you like some orange juice?
      与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。
      ②and变为or。如:
      I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
      ③a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:
      They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.
      There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)
      →There isn't much orange in the bottle.
      ④already变为yet。如:
      I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.

    • 肯定句的组织结构:
      主系表:eg:I'm a girl.
      主谓宾:She write a leter to him.
      1.主语+系动词(be)+表语                      
      2.主语+call +宾语+宾语补足语                      
      3.主语+name +宾语+宾语补足语
      4.主语+is called +宾语补足语
      5.主语+is named +宾语
      6.主语+regard +宾语+as +宾语被足语
      7.主语+be +no (none)+other than (but)+表语
      8.主语+be +nothing +else but (but,else than,less than)+表语
      9.It is (was)+强调部分+that (who)+从句
      10.主语+感觉动词+表语
      11.主句+as if (as though)+从句
      12.主语+be +said to be (so-called)+表语
      13.主语+be,it is said,+表语
      14.So far from being +表语,主语+谓语+其它
      15.主语+be +more +表语+than +表语
      16.主语+be +less +表语+than +表语
      17.主语+be +表语+rather than +表语
      18.主语+be +not so much +表语+as 表语
      19.主语+be +either +表语+or +表语
      20.Either +主语+or +主语+be +表语

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