题文

阅读理解。

Communication theory (理论) often talks about how speakers should present their material (材料). However, listeners play the same important role. Some of them focus on the speaker, while others daydream or talk to a neighbor. What is the difference between these two kinds of listeners? Generally speaking, effective (有效的) listeners have discovered the advantages of paying close attention. Not having experienced the rewards of paying close attention, ineffective listeners continue to wonder why they can't remember what they "heard" or why they do poorly on tests.      How do effective listeners manage to pay close attention? First of all, they avoid letting poor circumstances, like an uncomfortable seat, a personal problem, or the speaker's mannerisms, distract (分心) them. Instead, they "tune out" anything that will keep them from understanding and remembering what they hear. After leaving a lecture or meeting, they remember what was said,not the room conditions or the poor delivery of the speaker. On the other hand, ineffective listeners who think they are paying attention to the message can be easily daydreaming.      In order to prevent probable distractions, effective listeners actively but objectively focus on the message itself. They do not prejudge the speaker as representing a viewpoint which is completely different from their own, nor do they prejudge the material as boring,too easy,or too difficult. Effective listeners accept the new ideas. To help themselves become actively concemed with the speaker's message,effective listeners write down important words and phrases as a reminder of difficult ideas.       Ineffective listeners don't like theoretical material;they may pretend to listen but daydream instead to avoid hearing what they don't agree with or readily understand. Moreover, rather than attending to meaning itself, ineffective but well-intentioned listeners might be so interesteq in taking a lot of notes that they miss the speaker's main idea. These listeners leave a speech or a class with a notebook full of words.      Clearly, a certain amount of effort is concemed with (与...有关) listening actively, objectively, and openly to new ideas. But as that effort begins to pay off for ineffective listeners, they too will develop this skill as a beneficial lifelong habit.

1. The underlined phrase "tune out" means "_____".

A. deal with B. pay no attention to C. pick out D. think about

2. Which of the following statements is close to the writer's opinion?

A. Listeners will develop listening skills if they copy all the words the speaker said. B. Listeners may remember what was said if they prejudge the speaker's viewpoint. C. Listeners should accept the new ideas and write down important words. D. Listeners can daydream to avoid hearing what they don't understand.

3. The main purpose of this passage is to _____.

A. point out the results of effective listening B. describe the listening habits of poor listeners C. discuss the methods which are used by all kinds of listeners D. state the differences between effective and ineffective listeners

题型：阅读理解  难度：偏难

答案

1-3. B C D

据专家权威分析，试题“阅读理解。 Communication theory (理论) often talks about how..”主要考查你对  科教类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

科教类阅读

考点名称：科教类阅读

• 科普类的阅读：
  科普类的阅读理解包含介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等。
  如果是介绍社会现象的文章，要掌握所谈现象的内涵。

• 答题技巧：
  1. 加强整体意识，把握文章的主要内容。在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号，并给重要的句子和
     关键词做上记号，尤其是各段中心句，为答题提供更快捷更多的信息源。
  2. 审清题干，发觉和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。
  3. 定位阅读，强化对应意识。同时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合。