2．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语)
What does she like?
What class are you in﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
 
三、特殊的答语：
特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答，而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如：
— What time is it, please? 请问几点了？
— It's 7:30. 七点半了。
— Where are they? 他们在哪儿？
—They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
—What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么？
—English. 英语。

四、 特殊的语调：
一般情况下，特殊疑问句要用降调（↘）来读。如：
Who's ↘that?
How old is↘Jack?

考点名称：句子成分，句子结构

• 句子成分：
  句子是由不同成分构成的，我们分析句子成分是为了更好地掌握句子结构，对语言有更确切的了解。
  一般认为句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、定语、状语及补语等七种成分。

• 五种类型及句子成分:
  

  类型	谓语动词举例或说明	例句分析
  S+Vi	talk	They are talking.   S         Vi
  S+V+P	feel	I feel very happy. S  V          P
  S+Vt+O	speak	She speaks English very well. S     Vt      O
  S+Vt+O+O	teach	He teaches us English. S    Vt    IO   DO
  S+Vt+O+C	find	He found the book on the desk. S    Vt      O         C

• 句子成分:
  1.主语
  主语是一个句子的主干部分之一，通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词主语从句充当，正常语序是在一个句子的句首。
  Betty likes her new bike.（名词）。
  They usually go to school on foot. （代词）。
  Two and two is four. （数词）
  To learn a foreign language is not easy. （动词不定式短语）
  Playing basketball after school is great fun. （动名词短语）
  That the earth runs around the sun is known to everyone. （主语从句）
  It is known to everyone that the earth runs around the sun. （主语从句）
  2.谓语
  和主语一样，是一个句子的主干部分之一，表示主语所做到动作、具有的特征及所处的状态。
  通常由动词充当实义动词、 连系动词、情态动词及助动词。
  情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语，它们必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。
  实义动词包括及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后要带宾语。
  通常情况下，谓语位于主语之后。
  They work very hard. （行为动词）
  Tom feels much better now. （系动词+表语）
  We can speak English very well. （情态动词+实义动词）
  They are playing over there. （助动词+实义动词）
  3.宾语
  宾语表示动作的对象或承受着。一般接在及物动词后面或介词后面。
  通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词以及宾语从句构成。
  Tom bought a storybook last week. （名词）
  ----How many books do you want?
  ----I want seven. （数词）
  He wanted to have a cup of tea. （动词不定式短语）
  He enjoys playing basketball. （动名词短语）
  Our teacher said that he would go there. （宾语从句）
  有些动词需要带两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，另一个是间接宾语。（双宾语）
  Please show me you ticket. （间接宾语+直接宾语）
  指人的通常是间接宾语，指物的通常是直接宾语。下列动词可以带直接宾语和间接宾语：
  give, show, send, bring, lend, leave, pass, hand, tell, write, teach, return, throw, buy, fetch.
  Will you give me some milk?= give some milk to me?
  This term she teach us English.
  4.状语
  状语是说明动作或状态特征，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
  副词、介词短语、动词不定式以及由:
  if, after, when, as soon as, until, before, though, although, as if ,even if 等引导的从句都可用来作状语。
  You are quite right. （副词）
  She will arrive on Monday. （介词短语）
  He came here in order to learn English. （动词不定式短语）
  We are on holiday today. （名词）
  If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home. （从句）
  As soon as she comes back, I’ll go and see her. （从句）
    5. 定语
  定语是指用来修饰名词或代词（不定代词）的词。
  形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词、动词不定式、介词短语、不定代词、定语从句都可用作定语。
  This is a green jeep. （形容词）
  The building is their teaching-building. （形容词性物主代词）
  The woman doctor is his wife. （名词）
  Attention, please. I have something to tell you. （动词不定式短语）
  The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. （介词短语）
  There is something wrong with my tape-recorder.  （形容词后置）
  Every student has an English book. （不定代词）
  The book that I bought yesterday is written by Lu Xun.. （从句）
  单个单词作定语一般位于被修饰的名词或代词前，但是当形容词修饰不定代词如:
  something, everything, anything, nothing, someone,等时，常常放在这些词典后面。
  is there anything serious？
  no, nothing serious.
  He has something important to do this afternoon.
  短语和定语从句必须放在被修饰词的后面。
  This is the book that I want to buy.
  The book on the desk is mine.
  The man standing under the tree is Mr. Guo.
  The book given to him is written in English.
  6.表语
  表语是英语中的一个特殊成分，是指跟在系动词be, become, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等后面的词语或从句，
  用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态。系动词和表语一起构成句子的谓语。
  表语一般由名词、形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、副词和表语从句充当。
  Her sister is a nurse. （名词）
  When she heard the news, she got angry. （形容词）
  His cup is broken. （过去分词）
  where are you?
  I’m here. （副词）
  Why didn’t I go to school? The reason is that I was ill. （从句）
  7.宾语补足语
  用来补充说明宾语的成分叫做宾语补足语。形容词、动词不定式、名词、副词，分词短语，介词短语等经常充当宾语补足语。
  宾语和宾语补足语一起统称为复合宾语。
  You may call me Charles or Mr. liu. （名词）
  We must keep our classroom clean. （形容词）
  John asked me to help him. （动词不定式短语）
  Keep the lights on while you are out. （副词）
  We made him clean the room yesterday. （动词不定式短语）
  ----he was made to clean the room yesterday.(主语补足语)

  句子的结构:
  根据对句子结构的划分，英语的句子可以划分为简单句、并列句和复合句三种。
  1.简单句
  句中只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语），句中的各个成分都是由单词和短语表示，这样的句子称为简单句。
  The class are listening to the teacher carefully.   (陈述句)
  Is his brother old enough to join the army?   (一般疑问句)
  How many students are absent today?   (特殊疑问句)
  There are few cars in the parking lot, are there?  （反义疑问句）
  Let’s put off the meeting till next week.   (祈使句)
  How hard these students are working!   (感叹句)

  2. 并列句
  两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词或标点符号连接而成的句子叫并列句。
  (1)并列句的构成方式
  用并列连词连接，并列连词的前面可加逗号。
  Some students are interested in climbing and others are fond of swimming.
  We fished all day, but we didn’t catch one.
  It is raining hard, so we have to stay at home.
  不用连词而用分号连接
  Hurry up; it’s getting late!
  She tried her best; she failed, however.
  （2）并列句的分类：