问考 | 新高考英语作文新题型——读后续写，如何有效复习？-00教育-零零教育信息网

问考 | 新高考英语作文新题型——读后续写，如何有效复习？

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读后续写是新高考英语科目中的新题型，很多同学仍不太熟悉。今天，浙考微君邀请资深阅卷老师从2016年10月英语首考的真题切入，教大家如何复习。

首考真题回放

第二节读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tom, had driven three hours to camp overnight by a lake in the forest. Unfortunately ,on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started to quarrel .By the time they reached the lake ,Jane was so angry that she said to Tom,“I’m going to find a better spot for us to camp”and walked away.

With no path to follow ,Jane just walked on for quite a long time .After she had climbed to a high place ,she turned around ,hoping to see the lake .To her surprise ,she saw nothing but forest and ,far beyond ,a snowcapped mountain top .She suddenly realized that she was lost.

“Tom! ”she cried. “Help! ”

No reply .If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom .Jane kept moving ,but the farther she walked ,the more confused she became .As night was beginning to fall ,Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the night .Lying awake in the dark ,Jane wanted very much to be with Tom and her family .She wanted to hold him and tell him how much she loved him.

Jane rose at the break of day,hungry and thirsty.She could hear water trickling(滴落)somewhere at a distance.Quickly she followed the sound to a stream.To her great joy,she also saw some berry bushes.She drank and ate a few berries.Never in her life had she tasted anything better.Feeling stronger now,Jane began to walk along the stream and hope it would lead her to the lake.

As she picked her way carefully along the stream,Jane heard a helicopter.Is that for me?Unfortunately,the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above.A few minutes later,another helicopter flew overhead.Jane took off her yellow blouse,thinking that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

答题情况分析及审题建议

第一，从逻辑方面来看，大部分考生对故事的主要情节拓展基本做到了合情合理，衔接较为顺畅。但是，也有不少考生构思能力较为欠缺，无法在短时间内理清故事脉络以及写作意图，对所给的十个关键词、两段开头语中提供的线索信息没有很好利用，未实现语言交际的目的。

第二，从语言方面来看，大多数考生能做到语言的基本正确。但是很多考生仍然基础薄弱，不能用英文传达意义，出现一些低级错误。

第三，抄袭现象比较严重。抄袭的情况一般分为三类：抄自续写原文部分，抄自试卷的其他部分（如阅读题），或者之前背诵的某一段文章。由于读后续写的内容连贯性强，抄袭的同学很难浑水摸鱼，往往以零分或低分告终。

第四，内容创新不够，平淡无奇。既然是故事，需要一定的情节构思和布局，不要求考生必须出奇制胜，但也需要考生能有较清晰的逻辑思维能力和一定的创造能力，情节合情合理，达到最后的合理收官。

第五，整体卷面美观程度有待提高，行文书写体现不了语言美。

审题可从两层面入手

读后续写，可以说是英语写作的“集大成者”，它包含了“写作”、“阅读”、“分析”、“创造”。其中，最难的是合理的创造，即逻辑。那么，如何才能在故事续写中做到合理审题、合理创造呢？我们可以从结构阅读、情节阅读两个层面分析。

既然是英语阅读，那么无论是读后续写的篇章，还是阅读理解题中的文章，都应该坚持阅读的最重要一步：分析全文结构。阅读理解类的文章，主要涉及社科类，偶尔有叙事类。但是，读后续写主要以故事类文本为主，阅读理解中的结构分析法仿佛一下子失去了作用。确实，故事类文本的分析与社科类文本的分析有很大区别。故事可能在逻辑上缺乏科学性，在情节上充满跳跃性。不过，所有故事都离不开六要素：“who, when, where, what, how, why”。这才是故事的真正结构，因此考生在阅读时，不应该走马观花看情节，而应找出文章的六要素，然后将每个主要事件都用六要素串联成一句话。这样一来，冗长的故事就成了两三句，文章的结构自然水落石出。同时，考生还应该分析答题纸中已给出的两个开头句包含的主要句子结构，这样才能保证正确的写作方向。

情节是故事生命力所在，不论一个故事辞藻多么华丽，没有精妙的情节安排，词汇都成了一纸空壳。为了写出符合故事发展的“尾巴”，就必须先分析原文的情节发展方向。除了采用上文提到过的六要素分析法，在审题时还应该着重分析三个点：起因、转折、高潮。这三个点中，最重要的是起因与转折。大家或许会问：为什么高潮部分不是最重要的？因为故事高潮基本都会留给考生自己去创造，即使原文中出现了故事的高潮，那也是次要的。只有确定了故事的起因，考生才能合理推断这个起因会导致的可能结果；只有确定了故事的转折，考生才能合理地将故事发展下去。不过，在设计情节时，同样要考虑六要素，将它们串联成一句话，再将这句话添砖加瓦变成段落。

优秀范例点评

范例一

But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane, exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance. All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldn’t help crying, “Hadn’t I quarreled with Tom, walked away and climbed to the high place, I wouldn’t be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying.” She regretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes.

It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. To her great joy, a helicopter was flying overhead again and again. Eager and excited, she flagged her yellow blouse and spared no effort to yell so as to attract others’ attention. Fortunately, she was eventually noticed and brought into the helicopter. There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief. As tightly as possible, she hugged him and was too thrilled to say anything. Besides, they agreed never to quarrel again, determining to live the life to the fullest.

【点评】

该篇作文在逻辑、语言方面做到了平衡、全面、出色。

首先，在逻辑上，该篇文章做到了合理合情：起初，主人公身陷森林，内心充满了悔恨，在面对困难时焦虑、畏惧；之后，主人公努力求生，最终获救，并且领悟到了一定的人生道理。纵观整个故事，情节发展不仅符合两段给出的开头所限定的情景要求，而且还设置了一定的悬念，增强了故事的可读性。

在语言上，这篇文章并没有一味采用大词、难词，而是在高中词汇范围内精挑细选，活用了许多小词，增加了许多阅读趣味。例如，文章第一句“an absolute darkness ruled the forest”中，“rule”一词就使用了拟人的修辞手法，让森林阴森黑暗的一面展露无遗，同时描绘出主人公身处绝境的紧迫性。在“Eager and excited, she flagged her yellow blouse...”一句中，直接将情绪形容词放在句首，使用了非谓语动词的语法，表达精练。

此外，“There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of relief.”一句中，使用了几个短句，却包含了两处非谓语动词语法，同时活用了“wear”一词，把两个人相见时的场景生动地描绘了出来。

总体来说，这篇文章反映出该考生课外阅读较多，平时应有较多练笔。

范例二

But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Clusters of stars decorated the vast sky, weakly shining in the moon-eclipsed darkness. Rages and apprehension calmed down and exhaustions came dominating Jane as she hopelessly fell down into the soft grass. The transparent stream sounded amusing and was no longer as infuriated as the stream of her mind hours ago. She thought about Tom, memories flooding out as she closed her eyes and recalled the kindness of him. Regretfully, she fell asleep, flower singing adhering to her ears (flowers’ singing adhering to her ears).

It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Sunshine embraced the forest plain, reflecting to bloom her yellow blouse to be an attractive “flower”. In her sleepy eyes, a helicopter was right in the sky. Wild with joy, she jumped up, grabbing the blouse and flourishing it while crying. The helicopter spotted her and began to land on the grass. “It’s Tom! I know he will, he will come!” A pair of astounded hand reached Jane’s cheek. “Where did you go? If something happened to you, I’ll always have it on my conscience.” They hugged more tightly. “I’m sorry.” Jane said.

【点评】

这篇文章最大的特色就是语言能力非常突出。

首先，全文使用了非常多的高级词汇，如“cluster, rage, dominate, infuriated”等等。这些词汇不仅准确地描绘出人物的动作，而且对环境描写也更为生动。不过，其词汇的使用也有一些只求大、不注意词义搭配自然程度的嫌疑，甚至有误用，如“adhere, flourish, astound”等。在修辞方面，文章多处使用拟人修辞手法，如“Clusters of stars decorated the vast sky, weakly shining in the moon-eclipsed darkness.”以及“Sunshine embraced the forest plain.”两句中，两个动词“decorate”，“embrace”使用了拟人。在语法上，全文主要使用非谓语动词，力求用最精练的语言表达出最生动的画面。

值得一提的是，文章虽然没有使用许多句式，但却从没给读者句子重复、单调的感觉，究其原因，是作者巧妙地给每句话设置了不同的主语。另外，本文每句话采用的写作切入角度也值得研究。例如，第一段中，作者从远景（stars, sky）到近景（stream），再到细节特写（ears），勾勒出了故事发生的不同场景，让故事显得有血有肉，情节丰满，这也成为了文章逻辑上的出彩点。