twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety first second third fourth fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth
形容词
big small long tall short young old strong thin active quiet nice kind strict smart funny tasty sweet salty sour fresh favourite
clean tired excited angry happy bored sad fine great heavy new fat happy right little lovely beautiful colourful pretty cheap expensive sick better
介词
in on under near behind next to over in front to from to for
代词
I me my we us our you your he him his she her it its they them their
动词
Play swim skate fly jump walk run climb fight swing eat like have turn buy take live teach go study learn sing dance row do homework watch TV read books cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes use a computer do morning exercises eat breakfast eat dinner go to school have English class play sports get up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking fly kites make a snowman plant trees draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room write a letter write an e-mail drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leaves do an experiment catch butterflies count insects collect insect collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic get to ride a bike play the violin make kites collect stamps meet welcome thank work look help pass show use clean open close stop wait drive send feel become think wear put on go home go to bed play computer games do housework empty the trash put away the clothes get off(on) take a trip go on a trip read a magazine go to the cinema
疑问词
what(什么) what colour(什么颜色) what time(几点)
what day(星期几) how(怎样)how old(年龄多大,几岁)
how many(多少) how much (多少钱) how tall (多高)
how heavy(多重) how long(多长) how big(多大) how large(面积多大) who(谁) when(什么时候)
whose (谁的) where(在哪里) why(为什么)
which(哪一个)
be动词
am is are was were
助动词:do does did
情态动词
can should would will

考点名称：复数名词

• 复数名词：
  指名词的数量大于“一”，如：two books, some students
  
  名词变复数： 
  1、一般情况下，词尾加s。如：students,apples,bags,trees,books,brothers
  2、s，x，z，sh，ch等结尾的名词，词尾加es。如：glasses,boxes,brushes,matches
  3、y结尾的名词分两种情况，“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y变为ies；
    “元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加s。
      以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es:cities,babies,enemies。
      以元音字母加y结尾的名词，如：boys
  4、f或fe结尾的名词，一般将f或fe变为ves。如：leaf-leaves, wife-wives, knif-knives
  5、规则名词：foot→feet,tooth→teeth, child→children,man→men, woman→women, 
                           sheep→sheep,deer→deer, mouse→mice.

• 名词变复数规则：
  

  情况	构成方法	例词	读音
  一般情况	在词尾加-s	desk→desks map→maps	-s在清辅音后发/s/
  		day→days girl→girls	-s在元音和浊辅音后发/z/
  以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词	在词尾加-es	bus→buses box→boxes watch→watches fish→fishes	-es发/iz/音
  以辅音字母加-y结尾的词	变y为i再加-es	family→families factory→factories party→patries	-ies发/iz/音
  以元音字母加-y结尾的词	在词尾加-s	day→days boy→boys key→keys	-s发/z/音
  以f或fe结尾的词	变f或fe为v再加-es	knife→knives life→lives wife→wives half→halves	-ves发/vz/音
  以辅音字母加-o结尾的词	在词尾加-es	potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes hero→heroes	-es发/z/音
  以元音字母加-o结尾的词	在词尾加-s	radio→radios zoo→zoos	-s发/z/音

  巧记以f、fe结尾的可数名词复数　　
  妻子骑牛拿起刀，wife，calf，knife↑ 　　
  追得贼狼满街跑，thief，wolf→→→变f或fe为v，再加es 　　
  碰倒架子丧己命，shelf,self，life↓ 　　
  手帕树叶半空飘。handkerchief,leaf,half↓

• 英语名词单数变复数口诀： 
   (一)  规则变化 
  名词单数变复数，直接加 -s 占多数；   
  s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上 -es；   
  词尾是 f 或 fe，加 -s 之前先变 ve；   
  辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加 -es；   
  词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加 -es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。  
  
  (二)  不规则变化  
  男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；   
  老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic；   
  孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。  
  【解说】  
    1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。”
  名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加 -s，例如：book → books,  girl → girls。但以 -s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加 -es,
  例如：bus → buses,  buzz → buzzes, box → boxes, watch → watches,  brush → brushes 
    2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：
  ① 树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。
  ② 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。
  例如：leaf (树叶，叶子)，half (一半)，self (自已)，wife (妻子)，knife (刀子)，shelf (架子)，wolf (狼),  thief (窃贼，强盗) 和 life (生命)，
  这些名词变成复数时，都要改 -f (e) 为 v，再加 -es。  
    3. -f 结尾的名词直接加 -s 变复数歌诀：海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。
  例如：gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加 -s。  
    注：scarf(围巾；披风) 可以先改 f 为 ve 再加-s，也可直接加 -s。  
    4. 辅音字母 + y 结尾的名词，把 y 变 i 加 -es。
  例如：baby → babies, country → countries, family → families；而 -y 前是元音时，-y 不变，直接加 -s。例如：day → days, boy → boys  
    5. 以 -o 结尾的名词变复数时，多数直接加 -s。
  例如：radio → radios,  piano → pianos,  kangaroo → kangaroos；有的须加 -es，中学课本中有几个这样的单词，可以通过一句口诀来记忆：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。
  即：Negro → Negroes, hero → heroes, tomato → tomatoes, potato → potatoes；有的以 o 结尾的名词既可加 -s 也可加 -es。
  例如：volcano (火山) → volcanos / volcanoes 等。  
    6. 名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。
  例如：man → men, woman → women, goose → geese,  foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice, louse (虱子) → lice, child → children, fish → fish, deer (鹿) → deer, sheep → sheep 等。