题文

Astronauts, people who fly into space, need special training. First they go to Houston, Texas. That is the home of the Johnson Space Centre. There they are tested to see how strong and smart they are. One of the first tests is for the heart. The people walk or run, then the space doctors see how fast their hearts are beating. Another important test is performed. In this test the person must curl（蜷曲）his body up in a ball. When he is in that position, he is put into a round cloth bag. The doctors give him no idea how long he will have to stay in the bag. If a spaceship broke down in space, the astronauts would get into bags like this. Then they would have to wait and curl up in darkness, until help could arrive. You can see that an astronaut must not be afraid of tight space or darkness. After the tests, only the best people are chosen to start astronaut training in a training centre. The astronauts in training learn many other things. They learn how to jump out of a moving airplane. They learn to how to blow up a lifeboat and get into it while they are in the ocean. The astronauts also have to learn how to get lifted out of the ocean by helicopter（直升机）. That may look fun, but it can be dangerous. After they finish training, the astronauts continue to work. They stay in good shape by running and doing exercise. They read about their special jobs. In that way they can learn new facts about space travel. Then the big day comes. The astronaut is told to go to work on a flight into space. The crew members（全体船员）get to know each other first. Then they can learn which job each will do. 小题1:The astronauts don’t know how long they will stay in the bag in the test because ________________. A．the doctors need to know how strong they are B．the astronauts need to show how smart they are C．good astronauts mustn’t be afraid of darkness or tight space D．nobody knows when help will come if the spaceship breaks down 小题2:The astronauts don’t learn how to ________________ in the training centre. A．walk or run in space B．jump out of the moving plane C．blow up a lifeboat D．get lifted out of water by helicopter 小题3:Which is the correct order according to the passage? a. Doctors do tests on the astronauts. b. The astronauts go to the Space Centre. c. The astronauts learn new facts about space travel. d. The best people are chosen for training. e. The astronauts go to work on a flight into space. A．a, b, c, d, e B．d, a, e, b, c C．b, a, d, c, e D．c, d, e, b, a 小题4:Which of the following is NOT true? A．After the tests, only the best people are chosen to start astronaut training in a training centre. B．The crew members get to know each other after the tests. C．One of the first tests is for the heart. D．An astronaut must not be afraid of tight space or darkness.

题型：阅读理解  难度：中档

答案

小题1:D 小题2:A 小题3:C 小题4:B

试题分析：短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述了宇航员的培训过程，他们首先要去训练中心，然后医生对这些宇航员进行测试，接下来最优秀的人被选拔出来进行训练，宇航员在了解关于空间旅行的一些知识后，宇航员进入太空飞船工作。 小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第三段描述，可知这些宇航员不知道他们会在这个袋子里面呆多久是因为，当空间飞船出故障时，没有人知道什么时候能得到帮助。故选D。 小题2:细节理解题。根据短文第四段描述，可知宇航员不用学习在太空中行走或者跑步。故选A。 小题3:主旨大意题。阅读短文可知，宇航员首先要去训练中心，然后医生对这些宇航员进行测试，接下来最优秀的人被选拔出来进行训练，宇航员在了解关于空间旅行的一些知识后，宇航员进入太空飞船工作。故选C。 小题4:细节理解题。根据最后一段The crew members（全体船员）get to know each other first. 描述，可知在训练之后这些人员首先相互认识。故选B。

据专家权威分析，试题“Astronauts, people who fly into space, need special training..”主要考查你对  新闻报道类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

新闻报道类阅读

考点名称：新闻报道类阅读

• 报刊阅读应逐步成为中学生阅读的一个重要内容。由于新闻报道强调遵循5个W和1个H的原则，学生在阅读时也要抓住这一点去理解。

• 新闻报道类阅读的注意事项：
  1. 品味新闻的标题，联系平时所积累的知识，为了解材料大意作铺垫。
  2. 了解新闻报道的特殊规律，其内容和多含何人、何地、何事、何时等，阅读时要抓住新闻的这一主要特点去理解判断。
  3. 要注意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是材料的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。
  
  新闻报道类阅读答题技巧：
  

  1.审视标题，抓住中心<?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

  试题中有的文章有标题，有的没有，拟题人是有所考虑的。标题是文章主题的高度凝聚。
  它能给我们启发和想象，想象文章的内容和走向。这样做有利于对文章的理解，能提高做题的效率。

  2.浏览全文，掌握全貌

  如果时间紧，至少要快速通读全文，尤其是首两段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来，这样全文的梗概便一目了然了。

  3.细读题目，抓住要点

  对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：
  如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。
  另外还要注意试题难易，应暂时绕开那些少数较难的题目，先做最有把握、最熟悉的题目，也就是该类题可以直接或间接从文章中找到的。