题文

You’re on the school bus. But as soon as you turn the corner, you find yourself at the end of a very long queue. It’s another traffic jam! It is stop-start for the rest of your journey. Meanwhile, at the same time in Antarctica(南极洲), snow covers the land. A group of emperor penguins crowd together to keep warm, using stop-and-go movements to protect themselves from the winds. Can you see the connection? Emperor penguins move like cars in traffic jams to keep warm, that’s according to new research by the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marina Research in Germany. A penguin only needs to move 2cm in any direction for its neighbor to do the same thing. These movements then flow(流动) through the whole group of penguins like a “traveling wave”. These waves also help smaller crowds join bigger groups, keeping more and more of their friends warm. A single Antarctic “traffic jam” has thousands of penguins. Interestingly, the technology used for studying road traffic jams was used to study the penguins. This included studying time-lapse(延时) videos. Scientists also discovered that unlike on the road, these waves can be made by any penguin and in any direction. With temperatures usually dropping below –50℃, and winds reaching speeds of up to 200km/h, these traveling waves are very important for penguins to keep warm. These penguins can also teach us a lesson. In big groups, they learn to be orderly and patient, and to never crash into each other. These are skills we should all learn from them when we are on the road! 小题1:Emperor penguins get together to _____. A．keep warm B．play games C．learn from each other D．cross the road 小题2:In a traffic jam on the road, __________. A．drivers can drive fast B．drivers can drive carelessly C．cars are not moving fast D．cars will stop working 小题3:From the passage, we learn that a “traveling wave” _____. A．is caused by a traffic jam on the road B．is caused by the strong wind in Antarctica C．is formed by the movement of the penguins D．is made by just one or two penguins 小题4:If a penguin is in a group, it _____. A．needs to move orderly B．can move as fast as it likes C．will not leave others behind D．should move as slowly as it can 小题5:The last paragraph wants to tell us that _____. A．penguins won’t move together if it is not very cold B．traffic jams happen probably because people are impatient C．penguins learn their skills from human beings D．penguins are likely to crash into each other in a group

题型：阅读理解  难度：中档

答案

小题1:C 小题2:B 小题3:C 小题4:A 小题5:C

试题分析：这篇文章主要讲了在大团体,他们学会有序和耐心,不要互相撞击。这些技能时,在路上时我们都应该向他们学习。 小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段，A group of emperor penguins crowd together to keep warm，一群帝企鹅挤在一起取暖，可知选C。 小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段，Emperor penguins move like cars in traffic jams to keep warm，当交通拥堵的时候，开车就像企鹅取暖一样。可知应选B。 小题3:词义猜测题。根据第三段，These movements then flow(流动) through the whole group of penguins like a “traveling wave”这些运动然后流经整个企鹅群，像行波。”故选C。 小题4:细节理解题。第五段中In big groups, they learn to be orderly and patient, and to never crash into each other. These are skills we should all learn from them when we are on the road。在大团体,他们学会有序和耐心,不要互相撞击。这些技能时,在路上时我们都应该向他们学习。故选A。 小题5:判断推理题。根据第五段In big groups, they learn to be orderly and patient, and to never crash into each other. These are skills we should all learn from them when we are on the road。在大团体,他们学会有序和耐心,不要互相撞击。这些技能时,在路上时我们都应该向他们学习。故选C。 考点：

据专家权威分析，试题“You’re on the school bus. But as soon as you turn the corn..”主要考查你对  人物传记类阅读，故事类阅读  等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：

人物传记类阅读故事类阅读

考点名称：人物传记类阅读

• 人物传记类阅读：
  本类型选材主要是名人轶事。
  人物传记的叙述线索也常常以时间为序。内容一般不是一个人的生活流水账，而是选取主人公一些重要的人生阶段或生活片段来展开叙述。
  阅读时要把握主人公在此阶段发生的事对他本身或他人有什么重要的意义和影响。

考点名称：故事类阅读

• 故事类阅读：
  文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。
  命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
  阅读这类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，即使是碰到深层理解题也可迎刃而解。

• 故事类阅读注意：
  初中生接触到的阅读材料大都是故事类。
  阅读故事类的材料，应该抓住人物线索、地点线索、时间线索和情节发展线索。
  
  特别注意的是，以上线索往往是并存的。因为情节的发展总是涉及到人物的变化、时间的推移、场景的变换等。
  而阅读材料后的阅读理解往往会围绕这些内容设计一些事实类的理解题。